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Home My WebLink AboutResolutions - 2024.05.22 - 41199 AGENDA ITEM: Community Energy Management Grant Application with the State of Michigan, Department of Environment Great Lakes and Energy (EGLE) DEPARTMENT: Office of Sustainability MEETING: Board of Commissioners DATE: Friday, June 7, 2024 8:55 PM - Click to View Agenda ITEM SUMMARY SHEET COMMITTEE REPORT TO BOARD Resolution #2024-4110 Motion to approve the submission of the Community Energy Management grant application with the State of Michigan’s Department of Environment Great Lakes and Energy in the amount of $100,000 for the period Oct. 1, 2024, to Aug. 31, 2025. ITEM CATEGORY SPONSORED BY Grant Yolanda Smith Charles INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND The Community Energy Management program (CEM) is designed to meet applicants wherever they are on the energy management spectrum. Accordingly, CEM can be used to fund a range of energy-related projects such as, but not limited to, energy management, energy efficiency, renewable energy, fleet electrification, EV charging infrastructure, sustainable financing solutions, and/or clean energy workforce development. Proposals will be accepted until all funding is expended, or until 5pm June 30, 2024. The program is administered through the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE). In line with the MI Healthy Climate Plan, Oakland County has a goal to achieve carbon neutrality in its operations by 2050 with an interim goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by 50% by 2035 (based on a 2018 baseline). According to the county’s 2018 campus wide GHG assessment, 45 campus buildings were responsible for 76% of the total emissions. Therefore, building efficiency and decarbonization are critical to achieving the stated climate goals. Much of the county-owned building stock is outdated and in need of substantial capital upgrades, including interior LED lighting, HVAC systems, roofs, windows, and electrical systems. Furthermore, the existing electrical capacity and conduits need to be updated to meet modern electrical demand, as well as future electrification for both the county's buildings and the fleet. Finally, approximately 15 of the campus buildings still run on steam power via an aged steam power plant. This source of energy generation is outdated and inefficient and staff recognize that the steam plant needs to be decommissioned, which requires extensive planning and capital funding. To tackle these issues, Oakland County has begun the bidding process for a comprehensive energy study that will provide plans for energy efficiency and decarbonization of the campus buildings, recommendations to increase electrical capacity to meet current and future demands, and identify opportunities for renewable energy siting and utilization. Additionally, it may include American Society of Heating, Refirgerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) energy audits on selected priority buildings based on the comprehensive study’s recommendations. The CEM grant funding will be utilized to help support these audits and further studies associated with the campus needs. Depending on cost, it may also support initial implementation of upgrades and/or installations. POLICY ANALYSIS The Oakland County Office of Sustainability and Facilities Management Department are requesting Community Energy Management grant funds for the period Oct. 1, 2024, to Aug. 31, 2025. The grant funding will be used to supplement the campus energy study work being managed by the Facilities team, including additional campus building analyzes and energy efficiency upgrades, as necessary. The funding will continue to allow the Facilities Management Department and Office of Sustainability to partner and accomplish the county’s sustainability goals of reducing overall operations emissions by 50% by 2035, and achieve full net zero carbon status by 2050. The grant program is administered by the State of Michigan’s Department of Environment Great Lakes and Energy. The total grant application request is $100,000 with no county match required. Application and acceptance of this grant funding does not obligate the County to any future commitment, and continuation of this program is contingent upon future levels of grant funding. BUDGET AMENDMENT REQUIRED: No Committee members can contact Michael Andrews, Policy and Fiscal Analysis Supervisor at 248.425.5572 or andrewsmb@oakgov.com or the department contact persons listed for additional information. CONTACT Erin Quetell, Environmental Sustainability Officer ITEM REVIEW TRACKING Aaron Snover, Board of Commissioners Created/Initiated - 5/22/2024 AGENDA DEADLINE: 06/07/2024 6:00 PM ATTACHMENTS 1. Community Energy Management 2. CEM - Grant Review Sign-Off COMMITTEE TRACKING 2024-05-15 Economic Development & Infrastructure - Recommend to Board 2024-05-22 Full Board - Adopted Motioned by: Commissioner Penny Luebs Seconded by: Commissioner Robert Hoffman Yes: David Woodward, Michael Spisz, Penny Luebs, Kristen Nelson, Christine Long, Robert Hoffman, Philip Weipert, Gwen Markham, Angela Powell, Marcia Gershenson, Yolanda Smith Charles, Charles Cavell, Brendan Johnson, Ajay Raman, Ann Erickson Gault, Linnie Taylor (16) No: None (0) Abstain: None (0) Absent: Karen Joliat, Michael Gingell (2) Passed EGLE - CEM Grant Online Application - Oakland County answers 1. Organization Information Organization Name Oakland County Address 2100 Pontiac Lake Rd. Waterford, MI Website www.oakgov.com Federal ID# 38-6004876 Unique Entity ID # HZ4EUKDD7AB4 State of Michigan SIGMA Vendor Self Service ID # CV0048080 2. Organization Type Local Government 3. Eligibility Type New Applicant 4. Contact Information Contact Name Julie Lyons Bricker Contact Title Sustainability Project Manager Organization Oakland County Email brickerj@oakgov.com Phone 248-881-5688 5. Contact Info for Authorized Negotiator Contact Name Erin Quetell Contact Title Chief Sustainability Officer Organization Oakland County Email quetelle@oakgov.com Phone 248-600-9001 6. Has the applicant conducted any previous energy management work (e.g., energy plans, benchmarks, audits, projects, etc.)? Oakland County has a campus GHG emissions inventory, campus sustainability plan, steam plant evaluation, and capital improvement and efficiency review. Several buildings have building management systems (BMS) in place, have had exterior LED installations, and three parking lots are slated to receive level 2 EV chargers in the next few months. 7. Requested award amount (max $100,000) $100,000 8. State the problem and describe the need for the proposed project. In line with the MI Healthy Climate Plan, Oakland County has a goal to achieve carbon neutrality in its operations by 2050 with an interim goal of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 50% by 2035 (based on a 2018 baseline). According to the county’s 2018 campus wide GHG assessment, the 45 campus buildings were responsible for 76% of the total emissions. Therefore, building efficiency and decarbonization is critical to achieving the stated climate goals. Much of the county-owned building stock is outdated and in need of substantial capital upgrades including interior LED lighting, HVAC systems, roofs, windows, and electrical systems. Furthermore, the existing electrical capacity and conduit need to be updated to meet modern electrical demand, as well as future electrification for both the buildings and the fleet. Finally, approximately 15 of the campus buildings still run on steam power via an aged steam power plant. This source of energy generation is outdated and inefficient and staff recognize that the steam plant needs to be decommissioned which requires extensive planning and capital funding. To tackle these issues, Oakland County has begun the bidding process for a comprehensive energy study that will provide plans for energy efficiency and decarbonization of the campus buildings, recommendations to increase electrical capacity to meet current and future demands and identified opportunities for on-site solar photovoltaic placement. It is also contracting for ASHRAE energy audits on selected, priority buildings based on the comprehensive study’s recommendations. 9. Provide a concise overview of the proposed project. The proposed CEM funded project(s) will assist the county in keeping the above-described energy efficiency and decarbonization momentum moving along. More specifically, the grant funds will be used for campus building energy efficiency upgrades, audits, and other analysis, as recommended by the energy study. Several of the buildings included in this proposed project are in a Justice40 census tract in the City of Pontiac, MI. 10. List the task(s) that the applicant seeks to complete with this proposal (according to Section III- D in the RFP) and describe how each task will be completed. The exact use of the CEM funds will be determined following the delivery of the county’s impending campus energy study and its identified opportunities for energy and cost savings, which we expect by January 2025. In general, the projects tasks are as follows: **Perform energy efficiency upgrades: CEM funding will be used for this purpose based on the energy study and prior audit recommendations. Upgrade projects will be completed by contracted energy-upgrade installers. This task will be completed before August 31, 2025. **Conduct energy audits and other analyses: Several ASHRAE audits will be completed in the comprehensive energy study project, separate from CEM funding, in late 2024-early 2025. CEM funding may be used for additional Level I or II ASHRAE audits and other analyses, as needed, based on the energy study results and would be performed by auditor consultants. This task will be completed by August 31, 2025. The county also plans to complete its EPA Portfolio Manager account for all county owned buildings within fiscal year 2024-2025. (This task will be separate from the CEM scope of work but related to the county’s bigger picture goals of energy waste reduction, decarbonization and reducing GHG emissions.) 11. Briefly describe the plan to dispose of any materials generated as a result of the proposed project (e.g., old light bulbs, appliances, etc.). Any material generated through the proposed project will be disposed of appropriately, either recycled or otherwise within the proper materials management stream. The county regularly works with external specialized waste management organizations. 12. Anticipated Project Deliverables Number of Energy Plans/Policies/Ordinances Create 0 Number of Buildings Benchmarked 0 Number of Buildings Audited TBD Number and Type of Energy Efficiency Upgrades TBD Number and Type of Renewable Energy Projects 0 Number of Education/Engagement Sessions 0 Annual Cost Savings ($/year) TBD Commented [HK1]: I'm not sure this needs to be discussed as Cody said we should only include what's going to take place as part of CEM Annual Electricity Savings (kwh/year) TBD Annual Natural Gas Savings (ccf/year) TBD Other Deliverables 13. Anticipated Project Timeline Start Date Oct. 1, 2024 End Date Aug 31, 2025 (end of project period) 14. Will the applicant use any utility rebates for the proposed project? Yes . 15. Has the applicant received $750,000 or more in federal awards during the current fiscal year? If yes, please list the federal awards and upload the most recent copy of the applicant’s A-133 audit. The following are a few of the federal awards Oakland County received in FY 2023-2024. A complete list is available if needed. MDE Supply Chain Assistance Funds FY24 FOOD ASSISTANCE - Michigan Dept. of Labor and Economic Opportunity FY24 SAM GRTS-SNAP - Michigan Dept. of Labor and Economic Opportunity 2023 JAG Edward Bryne Memorial Justice Grant - US Department of Justice FY24 Bryne NET Assistance Grant - Michigan Department of State Police FY24 SCAO ATC Byrne Grant - US Department of Justice FY2024 Capacity Enhancement for Backlog Reduction - United States Department of Justice *Please see the attached FY 2022-2023 Oakland County Single Audit (A-133). 16. Does the applicant have any pending litigation or existing legal obligation which may impact their ability to perform the proposed project? No 17. Approved Budget Form Budget ** This will be attached to the online application 18. Certificate of Indirect Costs (if Applicable) N/A . De minimis 19. Material Certification (If Applicable) – Buy America Build America Compliance TBD. We will submit material certifications, as required, once the energy efficiency upgrade materials and equipment are known. 20. Energy Management Documents (If Applicable) – evidence of previous energy management work GHG Inventory Sustainability Plan Energy Plan RFP Exterior LED narrative & PO ** These will be attached to the online application 21. Price Estimates/Quotes (Optional) N/A 22. A-133 Audit (If Applicable) Oakland County FY 2022 Single Audit ** This will be attached to the online application 23. State Historic Preservation Office Section 106 Review Form (If Applicable) Oakland County will address this later once buildings are identified for energy efficiency work and if they are applicable, as per EGLE grant administrator. 24. National Environmental Policy Act Form (If Applicable) N/A 25. Build America, Buy America Act Waiver Request Form (If Applicable) No- we need to make sure contractors adhere to this rule and collect material certification from the contractors as upgrade products are installed 26. Additional Documents (Optional) N/A 27. Assurances: Attachment: Energy Management Document Exterior LED Purchase Order Date of Order: 9/16/2015 In 2015, Oakland County replaced all outdoor road lighting and parking lot lighting with LED light fixtures. Please see the attached pages for a detailed list of the lighting units purchased for the change. 17171 23 Mile Road Macomb (586) 992-9845 Rauhorn Electric, Inc. (586) 992-0400 MI 48042-4100 Ext Cost Release Approved! DescriptionItem # Oakland Cty - Ext. Ltg Upgrade 15-012 VENDOR: CONTACT: DATE: PURCHASE ORDER NO.: JOB NO.: JOB DESCRIPTION: SHIP TO: PO DESCRIPTION: Contact: DELIVERY DATE:F.O.B.: INSTRUCTIONS:PH: FX: PH: FX: Cree Ltg Pkg 60983 Quantity (TBD) (TBD) - PURCHASE ORDER 9/16/2015 Unit CostUM Dept. 14801 P.O. Box 67000 Detroit Virginia Parratto (248) 414-2220 McNaughton-McKay Electric Co. (248) 399-7500 MI 48267-0148 33,671.52C250-2H CREE BXSPCHT2MEF57K-UHSVMISC 134.00 251.2800EA 4,061.52C250-2 CREE BXSPCHT2MEF57K-ULSVMISC 18.00 225.6400EA 5,276.88C250-4H CREE BXSPCHT4MEF57K-UHSV. INCLUDES POLE 90 MISC 21.00 251.2800EA 3,835.88C250-4 CREE BXSPCHT4MEF57K-ULSVMISC 17.00 225.6400EA 18,594.72C250-3H CREE BXSPCHT3MEF57K-UHSVMISC 74.00 251.2800EA 11 ,056.36C250-3 CREE BXSPCHT3MEF57K-ULSVMISC 49.00 225.6400EA 2,512.80C400-H CREE STR-LWY-2ME-HT-2-F-UH-SV-A-57KMISC 5.00 502.5600EA 11 ,558.88C400-3H CREE STR-LWY-3ME-HT-2-F-UH-SV-A-57KMISC 23.00 502.5600EA 3,815.36C400-3 CREE STR-LWY-3ME-HT-2-F-UL-SV-A-57KMISC 8.00 476.9200EA 1,461.54S25-3BH CREE OSQ-A-NM-3ME-J-57K-UH-BZ. (3-ea) S25-3BH Cree OSQ-DA BZ MISC 3.00 487.1800EA 5,538.48S25-3B CREE OSQ-A-NM-3ME-J-57K-UL-BZ. (12-ea) S25-3B CREE OSQ-DA BZ MISC 12.00 461.5400EA 1,461.54S25-4BH CREE OSQ-A-NM-4ME-J-57K-UH-BZ. (3-ea) S25-4BH CREE OSQ-DA BZ MISC 3.00 487.1800EA 3,692.32S25-4B CREE OSQ-A-NM-4ME-J-57K-UL-BZ. (8-ea) S25-4B CREE OSQ-DA BZ MISC 8.00 461.5400EA 923.08S25-5B CREE OSQ-A-NM-5SH-J-57K-UL-BZ. (2-ea) S25-5B CREE OSQ-DA BZ MISC 2.00 461.5400EA 1,615.38S40-2B CREE OSQ-A-NM-2ME-S-57K-UL-BZ. (3-ea) S40-2B CREE OSQ-DA BZ MISC 3.00 538.4600EA 9,153.82S40-4B CREE OSQ-A-NM-4ME-S-57K-UL-BZ. (17-ea) S40-4B CREE OSQ-DA BZ MISC 17.00 538.4600EA 2,692.30S40-5B CREE OSQ-A-NM-5SH-S-57K-UL-BZ. (5-ea) S40-5B CREE OSQ-DA BZ MISC 5.00 538.4600EA 1,948.72F25-4BH CREE OSQ-A-NM-4ME-J-57K-UH-BZ. (4-ea) F25-4BH CREE OSQ-AA-BZ MISC 4.00 487.1800EA 12,666.68F25-5BH CREE OSQ-A-NM-4ME-J-57K-UH-BZ. (26-ea) F25-5BH CREE OSQ-AA-BZ MISC 26.00 487.1800EA 17171 23 Mile Road Macomb (586) 992-9845 Rauhorn Electric, Inc. (586) 992-0400 MI 48042-4100 Ext Cost Release Approved! DescriptionItem # Oakland Cty - Ext. Ltg Upgrade 15-012 VENDOR: CONTACT: DATE: PURCHASE ORDER NO.: JOB NO.: JOB DESCRIPTION: SHIP TO: PO DESCRIPTION: Contact: DELIVERY DATE:F.O.B.: INSTRUCTIONS:PH: FX: PH: FX: Cree Ltg Pkg 60983 Quantity (TBD) (TBD) - PURCHASE ORDER 9/16/2015 Unit CostUM Dept. 14801 P.O. Box 67000 Detroit Virginia Parratto (248) 414-2220 McNaughton-McKay Electric Co. (248) 399-7500 MI 48267-0148 1,384.62F25-6B CREE OSQ-A-NM-60D-J-57K-UL-BZ. (3-ea) F25-6B CREE OSQ-AA-BZ MISC 3.00 461.5400EA 4,553.84F40-5BH CREE OSQ-A-NM-5SH-S-57K-UH-BZ. (8-ea) F40-5BH CREE OSQ-AA-BZ MISC 8.00 569.2300EA 5,384.60F40-6B CREE OSQ-A-NM-60D-S-57K-UL-BZ. (10-ea) F40-6B CREE OSQ-AA-BZ MISC 10.00 538.4600EA 13,661.52F40-6GH CREE OSQ-A-NM-60D-S-57K-UH-SV. (24-ea) F40-6GH CREE OSQ-AA-SV MISC 24.00 569.2300EA 65.90AACREE OSQ-AA-BZ. Standalone adjustable-arm mntg brkt. MISC 2.00 32.9500EA 65.90DACREE OSQ-DA-BZ. Standalone direct arm mntg brkt. MISC 2.00 32.9500EA 267.40328 HUBB TCB-2 ARM FOR POLE 328 (Plus Freight)MISC 1.00 267.4000EA 1,852.152-180 CREE PT-2(180)BZ. Adder for tenon-top adapter, 2 slipfitters at 180D (Oak Pointe Building). *Linenote: Pole 90 Type-4, 480V, 250w equiv per MLS-East. ***REF: Quote# 113485 Dated: 09-15-15*** MISC 17.00 108.9500EA 172,540.13TOTAL: $ 162,773.71SUBTOTAL: $ Al l materials MUST conform to specifications and cut sheet approvals. SPECIAL PROVISIONS: MI Sales or Use Tax 6.00% Rauhorn Electric is an Equal Opportunity Employer Include the Purchase Order No. and Job No. on all shippers and invoices. Provide Material Certification sheets. 9,766.42TAX: $ DOE's Implementation of the Buy America Requirement for Infrastructure Projects What is the purpose of this document? The purpose is to provide information and guidance regarding the Department of Energy’s (DOE or Department) implementation of the domestic content procurement preference requirement (Buy America Requirement) for infrastructure projects found in the Build America, Buy America Act (BABA), Title IX of Division G of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, Pub. L. No. 117-58. What types of actions are affected by the Buy America Requirement? The Buy America Requirement applies to all DOE funding opportunity announcements (FOAs) and financial assistance actions, whether or not funded through the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), where funds are appropriated or otherwise made available and used for financial assistance awards for public infrastructure projects—FOAs or financial assistance awards that include construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of public infrastructure in the United States. What is the background? The Build America, Buy America Act, enacted under Division G, Title IX of the IIJA, applies a domestic content procurement preference requirement (Buy America Requirement) to federally funded public “infrastructure projects” with the goal of increasing a resilient domestic supply chain and manufacturing supply for critical materials both for emerging and existing industries in the United States. The IIJA supports the Administration’s priority to use terms and conditions of federal financial assistance awards to maximize use of domestically produced goods, products, and materials consistent with Executive Order 14005. Per Section 70914 of the IIJA, Agencies may not obligate funds for an “infrastructure project” unless all of the iron, steel, manufactured products, and construction materials used in the infrastructure project are produced in the United States. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Memorandum M-22-11 provides Agency implementation guidance on the application of a Buy America Requirement in financial assistance programs and awards. 2 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 What is the Buy America Requirement for Infrastructure Projects? I. Definitions Components are defined as the articles, materials, or supplies incorporated directly into the end manufactured product(s). Construction Materials are an article, material, or supply—other than an item primarily of iron or steel; a manufactured product; cement and cementitious materials; aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel; or aggregate binding agents or additives—that is used in an infrastructure project and is, or consists, primarily of non-ferrous metals, plastic and polymer-based products (including polyvinylchloride, composite building materials, and polymers used in fiber optic cables), glass (including optic glass), lumber, drywall, coatings (paints and stains), optical fiber, clay brick; composite building materials; or engineered wood products. Covered – for purposes of this guidance, “covered” means that it meets all the requirements necessary for the Domestic Content Procurement Preference Requirement to apply. For example, a “covered award” refers to an award which meets the requirements for application of the Domestic Content Procurement Preference Requirement. Domestic Content Procurement Preference Requirement – means a requirement that no amounts made available through a program for federal financial assistance may be obligated for an infrastructure project unless— (A) all iron and steel used in the project are produced in the United States; (B) the manufactured products used in the project are produced in the United States; or (C) the construction materials used in the project are produced in the United States. Also referred to as the Buy America Requirement. Infrastructure includes, at a minimum, the structures, facilities, and equipment located in the United States, for: roads, highways, and bridges; public transportation; dams, ports, harbors, and other maritime facilities; intercity passenger and freight railroads; freight and intermodal facilities; airports; water systems, including drinking water and wastewater systems; electrical transmission facilities and systems; utilities; broadband infrastructure; and buildings and real property; and generation, transportation, and distribution of energy -including electric vehicle (EV) charging. The term “infrastructure” should be interpreted broadly, and the definition provided above should be considered as illustrative and not exhaustive. 3 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 Manufactured Products are items used for an infrastructure project made up of components that are not primarily of iron or steel; construction materials; cement and cementitious materials’ aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel; or aggregate binding agents or additives. Non-Federal Entity includes States, Local Governments, Territories, Indian Tribes, Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs), and Non-Profit Organizations. NOTE: in accordance with guidance provided in by OMB in Memorandum M-22-11, For-Profit Entities are not included in this definition when applying the statutory Buy America Requirement to prime recipients of DOE awards, however For-Profit Entities are included as Non- Federal Entities when applying the Buy America Requirement as the subrecipient/sub-awardee. Also, Tribal Consultation is required prior to applying the Buy America Requirement to Indian Tribe prime recipients. See Section II.B.3. Applicable Non-Federal Entities for more information. Primarily of iron or steel means greater than 50% iron or steel, measured by cost. Project means the construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of infrastructure in the United States. Public – For purposes of this guidance, infrastructure should be considered “public” if it is: (1) publicly owned or (2) privately owned but utilized primarily for a public purpose. Infrastructure should be considered to be “utilized primarily for a public purpose” if it is privately operated on behalf of the public or is a place of public accommodation. The Buy America Requirement does not apply to non-public infrastructure. II. Buy America A. REQUIREMENTS The following information provides details on the Domestic Content Procurement Preference Requirement (Buy America Requirement) established in the Build America, Buy America Act (BABA) of the IIJA, with further implementation guidance provided to Agencies by the OMB in Memorandum M-22-11. Effective for all DOE awards made or funded after May 14, 2022, “None of the funds made available for a federal financial assistance program for infrastructure may be obligated for a project unless all of the iron, steel, manufactured products, and construction materials used in the project are produced in the United States.” Subawards shall conform to the terms and conditions of the federal award from which they flow, regardless of the sub-awardee entity type. DOE is responsible for processing and approving Buy America Requirement waiver requests submitted by the prime recipient in accordance with the terms and conditions of their DOE award. 4 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 B. APPLICABILITY The Buy America Requirement is applicable to new and renewal awards made by DOE on or after May 14, 2022, that contain infrastructure projects, and to existing awards that contain infrastructure projects if additional funds are provided in a modification executed on or after May 14, 2022. These awards must contain the Buy America Requirement for Infrastructure Projects term and condition (See Section IV below) requiring use of domestically produced iron, steel, manufactured products, and construction materials in the infrastructure project. Any funding modification (continuation award, supplemental award, or any other incremental or additional funding modification) made on or after May 14, 2022, to an existing award (those awards made prior to May 14, 2022) containing an infrastructure project must also incorporate the Buy America Requirement for Infrastructure Projects term and condition into that award with that modification. In accordance with OMB Memo M-22-11, For-Profit Entities are not considered a Non-Federal Entity when applying the Buy America Preference to prime awards and therefore are not statutorily required to have the Buy America Requirement term and condition included in their award for or containing infrastructure projects. However, when the Buy America Requirement term and condition is included in an award, the Buy America Requirement flows down to all sub- awards for work performed under the infrastructure project regardless of the sub- awardee’s entity type, including For-Profit Entities. This means if a For-Profit Entity is a prime recipient, and its award does not contain the Buy America Requirement term and condition then there is no Buy America Requirement to flow down to sub-awardees. However, if the prime recipient is a Non-Profit Organization and its award contains the Buy America Requirement term and condition then the Buy America Requirement will flow down to all sub-awardees including For-Profit Entities. All FOAs issued on or after May 14, 2022, must contain the Buy America Requirement for Infrastructure Projects provision (see Section IV below) to make applicants aware of the Buy America Requirement for infrastructure projects. The Buy America Requirement does not apply to expenditures for assistance authorized for Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance. Also, if it is determined that no DOE or Recipient cost-share funds under an award will be used for an infrastructure project, the Buy America Requirement does not apply to that award. Similarly, the Buy America Requirement does not apply to non-infrastructure spending under an award that also includes an infrastructure project. 1. Award Types DOE award types that must have the Buy America Requirement include any of the following types of financial assistance awards that include construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of infrastructure in the United States: 5 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 •Grants •Cooperative agreements •Non-cash contributions or donations of property •Direct assistance •Loans •Loan guarantees •Other types of financial assistance (Technology Investment Agreements) NOTE: Section 70914 of the IIJA expanded the definition of federal financial assistance to include “all expenditures by a Federal agency to a non- Federal entity for an infrastructure project.” When the Buy America Requirement term and condition is included in an award, the Buy America Requirement flows down to all sub-awards regardless of the sub-awardee’s entity type, including For-Profit Entities. See Part 3 Applicable Non-Federal Entities below for more information. 2.Projects (Infrastructure Projects) The applicable projects are awards for, or awards that contain, construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of public infrastructure in the United States. Infrastructure includes, at a minimum, the structures, facilities, and equipment located in the United States for: •roads, highways, and bridges; •public transportation; •dams, ports, harbors, and other maritime facilities; •intercity passenger and freight railroads; •freight and intermodal facilities; •airports; •water systems, including drinking water and wastewater systems; •electrical transmission facilities and systems; •utilities; •broadband infrastructure; •buildings and real property; and •generation, transportation, and distribution of energy - including electric vehicle (EV) charging. The ultimate determination about whether a project includes public infrastructure remains with DOE. The Buy America Requirement does not apply to non-public infrastructure. When determining if an infrastructure project is public, DOE must consider whether the infrastructure project is: (1) publicly owned or (2) privately owned but utilized primarily for a public purpose. Infrastructure should be considered to be “utilized primarily for a public purpose” if it is privately operated on behalf of the public or is a place of public accommodation. 6 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 The above must be considered when determining whether an infrastructure project is public as opposed to just considering if the infrastructure project is privately owned and not open to the public. NOTE: The Buy America Requirement does not apply to non-public infrastructure therefore, projects consisting solely of the purchase, construction, or improvement of a private home for personal use, for example, would not constitute an infrastructure project. 3. Applicable Non-Federal Entities The Buy America Requirement is applicable to the following Non-Federal Entity prime recipients: • States • Local Governments • Institutions of Higher Education (IHE) • Nonprofit Organizations • Territories of the US • Indian Tribes NOTE: Consultation with the Indian Tribe(s) is necessary before applying a Buy America Preference to a covered program, award or project that will affect the Indian Tribe(s). • For-Profit Entities NOTE: For the purposes of this guidance the Buy America Requirement does not statutorily apply to prime recipients that are For- Profit Entities and therefore the Buy America term and condition should not be included in an award to the For-Profit Entity. However, the Buy America Requirement is applicable to a For-Profit Entity if: (1) it is a sub-recipient or sub-awardee under an award that contains the Buy America Requirement term and condition, or (2) it is the prime recipient that voluntarily chooses to use domestically sourced iron, steel, manufactured products, and constructions materials by stating so in the proposed infrastructure project and its award contains a Buy America Requirement term and condition. The prime recipient is responsible for flowing the Buy America Requirement down to the For-Profit in its subawards when the For- Profit Entity is a sub-recipient or sub-awardee under a covered award. DOE is responsible for including a Buy America Requirement term and condition in the prime award to the For-Profit Entity when the domestically sourced requirement for iron, steel, manufactured products, and constructions materials in the proposed infrastructure project was successfully negotiated into the award. 7 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 This does not alter independent statutory authorities that DOE may have to include domestic content requirements in financial assistance awards issued to For-Profit Entities. 4. Applicable Items The Buy America Requirement only applies to the iron, steel, manufactured products, and construction materials used for the construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of public infrastructure in the United States under an applicable award when those items are consumed in, incorporated into, or permanently affixed to the infrastructure. All iron and steel, manufactured products, and construction materials used in the infrastructure project must be produced in the United States. Produced in the United States: a. For iron and steel this means all manufacturing processes, from the initial melting stage through the application of coatings, occurred in the United States. b. For manufactured products this means: i. the manufactured product was manufactured in the United States; and ii. the cost of the components of the manufactured product that are mined, produced, or manufactured in the United States is greater than 55 percent of the total cost of all components of the manufactured product, unless another standard for determining the minimum amount of domestic content of the manufactured product has been established under applicable law or regulation. c. For construction materials this means all manufacturing processes for the construction material occurred in the United States. Certification of Compliance Recipients must certify or provide equivalent documentation for proof of compliance that a good faith effort was made to solicit bids for domestic products used the infrastructure project under this award. Recipients must also maintain certifications or equivalent documentation for proof of compliance that those articles, materials, and supplies that are consumed in, incorporated into, affixed to, or otherwise used in the infrastructure project, not covered by a waiver or exemption, are produced in the United States. The certification or proof of compliance must be provided by the suppliers or manufacturers of the iron, steel, manufactured products and construction materials and flow up from all sub-awardees, contractors and vendors to the recipient. Recipients must keep these certifications with the award/project files and be able to produce them upon request from DOE, auditors or Office of Inspector General. 8 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 NOTE: The Buy America Requirement does not apply to non-infrastructure expenditures under an applicable award that also includes an infrastructure project, nor does it apply to equipment and furnishings, such as movable chairs, desks, and portable computer equipment, that are used at or within the finished infrastructure project but are not an integral part of or permanently affixed to the infrastructure. It also does not apply to tools, equipment, and supplies, such as temporary scaffolding, brought to the construction site and removed at or before the completion of the infrastructure project. III. Buy America Requirement Waiver A. Types of waivers DOE may waive the application of a Buy America Requirement under an infrastructure program or project/award in any case in which it determines that: 1. Applying the domestic content procurement preference would be inconsistent with the public interest (“Public Interest waiver”); 2. The types of iron, steel, manufactured products, or construction materials are not produced in the United States in sufficient and reasonably available quantities or of a satisfactory quality (“Non- Availability waiver”); or 3. The inclusion of iron, steel, manufactured products, or construction materials produced in the United States will increase the cost of the overall project by more than 25 percent (“Unreasonable Cost waiver”). B. Request When necessary, recipients may apply for, and DOE may grant, a waiver from the Buy America Requirement. Recipient requests to waive the application of the Buy America Requirement must be submitted in writing to DOE in accordance with the terms and conditions of the award. See Guidance on Submission of a DOE Buy America Requirement Waiver Request to learn more. C. Review DOE must review the Recipient’s Buy America Requirement waiver request to determine whether to grant a project waiver for those covered items listed in the request. DOE may reject or grant waivers in whole or in part depending on its review, analysis, and/or feedback from OMB or the public. DOEs final determination regarding approval or rejection of 9 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 the waiver request may not be appealed. The waiver request review and public comment process can take up to 90 days. D. Issuance If the review does not support issuance of a waiver, DOE may dismiss the waiver request and promptly inform the Recipient. If the review support issuance of a waiver, DOE may approve the waiver request and promptly notify the Recipient. DOE will modify the award to include the specific details of the waiver (waiver items, timeline, other details in the waiver). All waiver documentation must be included in the award file. The waiver must be posted, and the status must be updated on the DOE BABA website https://www.energy.gov/management/doe-buy- america-requirement-waiver-requests. IV. Sample Funding Opportunity Announcement Provision BUY AMERICA REQUIREMENT FOR INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS REQUIRED USE OF IRON, STEEL, MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS, AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES A. Definitions For purposes of the Buy America Requirement, the following definitions apply: Components are defined as the articles, materials, or supplies incorporated directly into the end manufactured product(s). Construction Materials are an article, material, or supply—other than an item primarily of iron or steel; a manufactured product; cement and cementitious materials; aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel; or aggregate binding agents or additives—that is used in an infrastructure project and is or consists primarily of non-ferrous metals, plastic and polymer- based products (including polyvinylchloride, composite building materials, and polymers used in fiber optic cables), glass (including optic glass), lumber, drywall, coatings (paints and stains), optical fiber, clay brick; composite building materials; or engineered wood products. Domestic Content Procurement Preference Requirement – means a requirement that no amounts made available through a program for federal financial assistance may be obligated for an infrastructure project unless— (A) all iron and steel used in the project are produced in the United States; (B) the manufactured products used in the project are produced in the United States; or (C) the construction materials used in the project are produced in the United States. Also referred to as the Buy America Requirement. 10 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 Infrastructure includes, at a minimum, the structures, facilities, and equipment located in the United States, for: roads, highways, and bridges; public transportation; dams, ports, harbors, and other maritime facilities; intercity passenger and freight railroads; freight and intermodal facilities; airports; water systems, including drinking water and wastewater systems; electrical transmission facilities and systems; utilities; broadband infrastructure; and buildings and real property; and generation, transportation, and distribution of energy—including electric vehicle (EV) charging. The term “infrastructure” should be interpreted broadly, and the definition provided above should be considered as illustrative and not exhaustive. Manufactured Products are items used for an infrastructure project made up of components that are not primarily of iron or steel; construction materials; cement and cementitious materials’ aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel; or aggregate binding agents or additives. Primarily of iron or steel means greater than 50% iron or steel, measured by cost. Project – means the construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of infrastructure in the United States. Public – The Buy America Requirement does not apply to non-public infrastructure. For purposes of this guidance, infrastructure should be considered “public” if it is: (1) publicly owned or (2) privately owned but utilized primarily for a public purpose. Infrastructure should be considered to be “utilized primarily for a public purpose” if it is privately operated on behalf of the public or is a place of public accommodation. B. Buy America Requirement for Infrastructure Projects (Buy America Requirement) None of the award funds (includes federal share and Recipient cost share) may be used for a project for infrastructure unless: (1) all iron and steel used in the project is produced in the United States—this means all manufacturing processes, from the initial melting stage through the application of coatings, occurred in the United States; (2) all manufactured products used in the project are produced in the United States—this means the manufactured product was manufactured in the United States; and the cost of the components of the manufactured product that are mined, produced, or manufactured in the United States is greater than 55 percent of the total cost of all components of the manufactured product, unless another standard for determining the minimum amount of domestic content of the manufactured product has been established under applicable law or regulation; and (3) all construction materials 1 are manufactured in the United States—this means that all manufacturing processes for the construction material occurred in the United States. The Buy America Requirement only apply to articles, materials, and supplies that are consumed in, incorporated into, or affixed to an infrastructure project. As such, it does not apply to tools, 1 Excludes cement and cementitious materials, aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel, or aggregate binding agents or additives. 11 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 equipment, and supplies, such as temporary scaffolding, brought to the construction site and removed at or before the completion of the infrastructure project. Nor does the Buy America Requirement apply to equipment and furnishings, such as movable chairs, desks, and portable computer equipment, that are used at or within the finished infrastructure project but are not an integral part of the structure or permanently affixed to the infrastructure project. The Buy America Requirement does not statutorily apply to prime recipients that are For-Profit Entities. However, the Buy America Requirement is applicable to a For-Profit Entity if: (1) it is a sub-recipient or sub-awardee under an award that contains the Buy America Requirement term and condition, or (2) it is the prime recipient that voluntarily chooses to use domestically sourced iron, steel, manufactured products, and constructions materials by stating so in its proposed application containing an infrastructure project. If the For-Profit Entity specifically states that it will comply with the Buy America Requirements in its application and it is selected for award, its award will contain a Buy America Requirement for Infrastructure Projects term and condition. The prime recipient is responsible for flowing the Buy America Requirement down to all sub- awards, all contracts, subcontracts, and purchase orders for work performed under the proposed infrastructure project, including to For-Profit Entities when the For-Profit Entity is a sub- recipient or sub-awardee. Recipients must certify or provide equivalent documentation for proof of compliance that a good faith effort was made to solicit bids for domestic products used in the infrastructure project under this award. Recipients must also maintain certifications or equivalent documentation for proof of compliance that those articles, materials, and supplies that are consumed in, incorporated into, affixed to, or otherwise used in the infrastructure project, not covered by a waiver or exemption, are produced in the United States. The certification or proof of compliance must be provided by the suppliers or manufacturers of the iron, steel, manufactured products and construction materials and flow up from all sub-awardees, contractors and vendors to the recipient. Recipients must keep these certifications with the award/project files and be able to produce them upon request from DOE, auditors or Office of Inspector General. C. DOE Submission Requirements for Full Application Within the first two pages of the workplan or project description, applicants must provide a short statement on whether the project will involve the construction, alteration, maintenance and/or repair of infrastructure in the United States. The ultimate determination about whether a project includes infrastructure remains with DOE, but the applicant’s statement will assist project planning and integration of the Buy America Requirement, which may impact the project’s proposed budget and/or schedule. D. Waivers In limited circumstances, DOE may waive the application of the Buy America Requirement in an award where DOE determines that: (1) applying the Buy America requirements would be inconsistent with the public interest (Public Interest); 12 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 (2) the types of iron, steel, manufactured products, or construction materials are not produced in the United States in sufficient and reasonably available quantities or of a satisfactory quality (Non-Availability); or (3) the inclusion of iron, steel, manufactured products, or construction materials produced in the United States will increase the cost of the overall project by more than 25 percent (Unreasonable Cost). DOE will only process waiver requests after an award has been made and for which the requests have been submitted in accordance with the term and conditions of the award. Waiver requests must be reviewed by DOE and the Office of Management and Budget’s Made in America Office and are subject to a public comment period of no less than 15 calendar days. DOE or OMB may request additional information for consideration of the wavier. DOE may reject or grant waivers in whole or in part depending on its review, analysis, and/or feedback from OMB or the public. DOEs final determination regarding approval or rejection of the waiver request may not be appealed by a Recipient. Requests to waive the Buy America Requirement must include the following: • Waiver type (Public Interest, Non-Availability, or Unreasonable Cost); • Recipient name and Unique Entity Identifier (UEI); • Award information (Federal Award Identification Number, Assistance Listing number); • A brief description of the project, its location, and the specific infrastructure involved; • Total estimated project cost, with estimated federal share and recipient cost share breakdowns; • Total estimated infrastructure costs, with estimated federal share and recipient cost share breakdowns; • List and description of iron or steel item(s), manufactured goods, and/or construction material(s) the recipient seeks to waive from the Buy America Requirement, including name, cost, quantity(ies), country(ies) of origin, and relevant Product Service Codes (PSC) and North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes for each; • A detailed justification as to how the non-domestic item(s) is/are essential the project; • A certification that the recipient made a good faith effort to solicit bids for domestic products supported by terms included in requests for proposals, contracts, and non-proprietary communications with potential suppliers; • A justification statement—based on one of the applicable justifications outlined above—as to why the listed items cannot be procured domestically, including the due diligence performed (e.g., market research, industry outreach, cost analysis, cost-benefit analysis) by the recipient to attempt to avoid the need for a waiver. This justification may cite, if applicable, the absence of any Buy America-compliant bids received for domestic products in response to a solicitation; and • Anticipated impact to the project if no waiver is issued. 13 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 The following principles should be incorporated as minimum requirements in waiver request: •Time-limited: Consider a waiver constrained principally by a length of time, rather than by the specific project/award to which it applies. Waivers of this type may be appropriate, for example, when an item that is “non-available” is widely used in the project. When requesting such a waiver, the recipient should identify a reasonable, definite time frame (e.g., no more than one to two years) designed so that the waiver is reviewed to ensure the condition for the waiver (“non-availability”) has not changed (e.g., domestic supplies have become more available). •Targeted: Waiver requests should apply only to the item(s), product(s), or material(s) or category(ies) of item(s), product(s), or material(s) as necessary and justified. Waivers should not be overly broad as this will undermine domestic preference policies. •Conditional: The recipient may request a waiver with specific conditions that support the policies of IIJA/BABA and Executive Order 14017. V.Sample Award Term and Condition Term XX. Buy American Requirement for Infrastructure Projects A.Definitions Components are defined as the articles, materials, or supplies incorporated directly into the end manufactured product(s). Construction Materials are an article, material, or supply—other than an item primarily of iron or steel; a manufactured product; cement and cementitious materials; aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel; or aggregate binding agents or additives—that is used in an infrastructure project and is or consists primarily of non-ferrous metals, plastic and polymer-based products (including polyvinylchloride, composite building materials, and polymers used in fiber optic cables), glass (including optic glass), lumber, drywall, coatings (paints and stains), optical fiber, clay brick; composite building materials; or engineered wood products. Domestic Content Procurement Preference Requirement- means a requirement that no amounts made available through a program for federal financial assistance may be obligated for an infrastructure project unless— (A) all iron and steel used in the project are produced in the United States; 14 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 (B) the manufactured products used in the project are produced in the United States; or (C) the construction materials used in the project are produced in the United States. Also referred to as the Buy America Requirement. Infrastructure includes, at a minimum, the structures, facilities, and equipment located in the United States, for: roads, highways, and bridges; public transportation; dams, ports, harbors, and other maritime facilities; intercity passenger and freight railroads; freight and intermodal facilities; airports; water systems, including drinking water and wastewater systems; electrical transmission facilities and systems; utilities; broadband infrastructure; and buildings and real property; and generation, transportation, and distribution of energy -including electric vehicle (EV) charging. The term “infrastructure” should be interpreted broadly, and the definition provided above should be considered as illustrative and not exhaustive. Manufactured Products are items used for an infrastructure project made up of components that are not primarily of iron or steel; construction materials; cement and cementitious materials’ aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel; or aggregate binding agents or additives. Primarily of iron or steel means greater than 50% iron or steel, measured by cost. Project- means the construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of infrastructure in the United States. Public- The Buy America Requirement does not apply to non-public infrastructure. For purposes of this guidance, infrastructure should be considered “public” if it is: (1) publicly owned or (2) privately owned but utilized primarily for a public purpose. Infrastructure should be considered to be “utilized primarily for a public purpose” if it is privately operated on behalf of the public or is a place of public accommodation. B. Buy America Requirement None of the funds provided under this award (federal share or recipient cost-share) may be used for a project for infrastructure unless: 1. All iron and steel used in the project is produced in the United States—this means all manufacturing processes, from the initial melting stage through the application of coatings, occurred in the United States; 2. All manufactured products used in the project are produced in the United States—this means the manufactured product was manufactured in the United States; and the cost of the components of the manufactured product that are mined, produced, or manufactured in the United States is greater than 55 percent of the total cost of all components of the manufactured product, unless another standard for determining the minimum amount of domestic content of the manufactured product has been established under applicable law or regulation; and 3. All construction materials are manufactured in the United States—this means that all manufacturing processes for the construction material occurred in the United States. The Buy America Requirement only applies to articles, materials, and supplies that are consumed in, incorporated into, or permanently affixed to an infrastructure project. As such, it 15 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 does not apply to tools, equipment, and supplies, such as temporary scaffolding, brought into the construction site and removed at or before the completion of the infrastructure project. Nor does a Buy America Requirement apply to equipment and furnishings, such as movable chairs, desks, and portable computer equipment, that are used at or within the finished infrastructure project but are not an integral part of the structure or permanently affixed to the infrastructure project. Recipients are responsible for administering their award in accordance with the terms and conditions, including the Buy America Requirement. The recipient must ensure that the Buy America Requirement flows down to all subawards and that the sub-awardees and subrecipients comply with the Buy America Requirement. The Buy America Requirement term and condition must be included all sub-awards, contracts, subcontracts, and purchase orders for work performed under the infrastructure project. C. Certification of Compliance Recipients must certify or provide equivalent documentation for proof of compliance that a good faith effort was made to solicit bids for domestic products used in the infrastructure project under this award. Recipients must also maintain certifications or equivalent documentation for proof of compliance that those articles, materials, and supplies that are consumed in, incorporated into, affixed to, or otherwise used in the infrastructure project, not covered by a waiver or exemption, are produced in the United States. The certification or proof of compliance must be provided by the suppliers or manufacturers of the iron, steel, manufactured products and construction materials and flow up from all sub-awardees, contractors and vendors to the recipient. Recipients must keep these certifications with the award/project files and be able to produce them upon request from DOE, auditors or Office of Inspector General. D. Waivers When necessary, recipients may apply for, and DOE may grant, a waiver from the Buy America Requirement. Requests to waive the application of the Buy America Requirement must be in writing to the CO. Waiver requests are subject to review by DOE and the Office of Management and Budget, as well as a public comment period of no less than 15 calendar days. Waivers must be based on one of the following justifications: 1. Public Interest- Applying the Buy America Requirement would be inconsistent with the public interest; 2. Non-Availability- The types of iron, steel, manufactured products, or construction materials are not produced in the United States in sufficient and reasonably available quantities or of a satisfactory quality; or 3. Unreasonable Cost- The inclusion of iron, steel, manufactured products, or construction materials produced in the United States will increase the cost of the overall project by more than 25 percent. Requests to waive the Buy America Requirement must include the following: • Waiver type (Public Interest, Non-Availability, or Unreasonable Cost); • Recipient name and Unique Entity Identifier (UEI); • Award information (Federal Award Identification Number, Assistance Listing number); 16 Implementation of the Buy America Requirements for Infrastructure Projects 11/2022 • A brief description of the project, its location, and the specific infrastructure involved; • Total estimated project cost, with estimated federal share and recipient cost share breakdowns; • Total estimated infrastructure costs, with estimated federal share and recipient cost share breakdowns; • List and description of iron or steel item(s), manufactured goods, and/or construction material(s) the recipient seeks to waive from the Buy America Preference, including name, cost, quantity(ies), country(ies) of origin, and relevant Product Service Codes (PSC) and North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes for each; • A detailed justification as to how the non-domestic item(s) is/are essential the project; • A certification that the recipient made a good faith effort to solicit bids for domestic products supported by terms included in requests for proposals, contracts, and non- proprietary communications with potential suppliers; • A justification statement—based on one of the applicable justifications outlined above—as to why the listed items cannot be procured domestically, including the due diligence performed (e.g., market research, industry outreach, cost analysis, cost-benefit analysis) by the recipient to attempt to avoid the need for a waiver. This justification may cite, if applicable, the absence of any Buy America-compliant bids received for domestic products in response to a solicitation; and • Anticipated impact to the project if no waiver is issued. The recipient should consider using the following principles as minimum requirements contained in their waiver request: • Time-limited: Consider a waiver constrained principally by a length of time, rather than by the specific project/award to which it applies. Waivers of this type may be appropriate, for example, when an item that is “non-available” is widely used in the project. When requesting such a waiver, the Recipient should identify a reasonable, definite time frame (e.g., no more than one to two years) designed so that the waiver is reviewed to ensure the condition for the waiver (“non-availability”) has not changed (e.g., domestic supplies have become more available). • Targeted: Waiver requests should apply only to the item(s), product(s), or material(s) or category(ies) of item(s), product(s), or material(s) as necessary and justified. Waivers should not be overly broad as this will undermine domestic preference policies. • Conditional: The recipient may request a waiver with specific conditions that support the policies of IIJA/BABA and Executive Order 14017. DOE may request, and the recipient must provide, additional information for consideration of this wavier. DOE may reject or grant waivers in whole or in part depending on its review, analysis, and/or feedback from OMB or the public. DOEs final determination regarding approval or rejection of the waiver request may not be appealed. Waiver requests may take up to 90 calendar days to process. Applicant Name: Project Title (Program): Vendor Number (VSS): Personnel (Name & Title)Hours (#)Rate ($/Hour)Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) N/A -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Personnel Subtotal N/A -$ -$ -$ -$ Fringe Benefits (Name & Title)Rate (%)Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) N/A -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Fringe Benefits Subtotal -$ -$ -$ -$ Personnel & Fringe Benefits Subtotal -$ -$ -$ -$ Contractual Services (Name)Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) TBD 100,000.00$ 100,000.00$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Contractual Services Subtotal 100,000.00$ -$ -$ 100,000.00$ Match ($) Match ($) Match ($) Description of ServicesEnergy efficiency upgrades and/or ASHRAE audits or other analysis Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy Energy and Recycling Section Budget Template Oakland County, MI Energy Efficiency Updates for Oakland County Municipal Campus Supplies & Materials (Itemize)Quantity (#)Cost ($/Unit)Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) N/A -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Supplies & Materials Subtotal -$ -$ -$ -$ Equipment (Itemize)Quantity (#)Cost ($/Unit)Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) N/A -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Equipment Subtotal -$ -$ -$ -$ Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Other Direct Costs Subtotal -$ -$ -$ -$ Travel Quantity (#)Rate ($/Unit)Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) Mileage -$ Lodging -$ Meals -$ Airfare -$ Other Travel (Itemize) -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Travel Subtotal -$ -$ -$ -$ Direct Cost Subtotal 100,000.00$ -$ -$ 100,000.00$ Rate (%)Grant ($)Match ($) - N/A Total ($) Indirect (10% Max)-$ -$ -$ Grant ($)Monetary In-Kind Total ($) Match ($) Match ($) Match ($) Other Direct Costs (Description) N/A Match ($) Match ($) Total Cost 100,000.00$ -$ -$ 100,000.00$ Rev. May 2023 COMMUNITY ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS Issue Date: October 5, 2023 Amendment: January 25, 2024 Response Due: Rolling until June 30, 2024 Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy 525 West Allegan Street Lansing, Michigan 48933 EGLE does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, religion, age, national origin, color, marital status, disability, political beliefs, height, weight, genetic information, or sexual orientation in the administration of any of its programs or activities, and prohibits intimidation and retaliation, as required by applicable laws and regulations. Amendments All changes to the Request for Proposals (RFP) as a result of this amendment are shown in highlighted text. Amendment No. Date Description of Amendment 01 January 25, 2024 The purpose of this amendment to the RFP is to add United States Department of Energy – State Energy Program (SEP) funding that is the result of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, as enacted in the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, as an additional funding source. This amended RFP also clarifies eligible and ineligible projects, includes additional eligible projects under the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) Program blueprint, and increases project award amounts. 1 Table of Contents PART I GENERAL INFORMATION .............................................................................................. 2 I-A Purpose .......................................................................................................................... 2 I-B Program Description ....................................................................................................... 2 I-C Grant Award ................................................................................................................... 4 I-D Eligibility Criteria ............................................................................................................. 5 I-E Ineligible Projects ........................................................................................................... 6 I-F Issuing Office and Point of Contact ................................................................................ 7 I-G Changes to the RFP and Responses to Questions ........................................................ 7 I-H Proposals ........................................................................................................................ 7 I-I Response Date ............................................................................................................... 7 PART II INFORMATION REQUIRED FROM APPLICANTS. ....................................................... 8 II-A Online Application ........................................................................................................... 8 II-B Approved Budget Form .................................................................................................. 8 II-C Certificate of Indirect Costs .......................................................................................... 11 PART III SELECTION CRITERIA ............................................................................................... 11 III-A Proposal Selection ....................................................................................................... 11 III-B Project Clarifications/Revisions .................................................................................... 12 III-C Rejection of Proposals .................................................................................................. 12 III-D Acceptance of Proposal Content .................................................................................. 12 PART IV ADDITIONAL INFORMATION .................................................................................... 13 IV-A Acceptable Match Types .............................................................................................. 13 IV-B SIGMA Vendor Registration ......................................................................................... 13 IV-C News Releases ............................................................................................................. 13 IV-D Disclosure of Proposal Contents .................................................................................. 13 IV-E Copyrighted Materials ................................................................................................... 13 IV-F Prime Applicant Responsibilities .................................................................................. 13 IV-G Partner Responsibilities ................................................................................................ 14 IV-H State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Section 106 Review Form ................... 14 IV-I National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Form .................................................... 14 IV-J Davis-Bacon Act Requirements .................................................................................... 14 IV-K Build America, Buy America Act Requirements............................................................ 15 2 Community Energy Management Program Request for Proposals PART I GENERAL INFORMATION I-A Purpose The Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy’s (EGLE) Energy Unit is offering grants for communities to improve energy management and accelerate the implementation of energy efficiency and renewable energy for local governments and tribes. This program is part of the EGLE Catalyst Communities Initiative to provide resources to local public officials as they prepare for climate impacts on emergency response and public health, and support Governor Gretchen Whitmer’s climate change priorities through measurable reductions in greenhouse gas emissions in line with the MI Healthy Climate Plan. The State anticipates the grant period will begin January 1, 2024, and will end August 31, 2025. I-B Program Description The Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) protects Michigan’s environment and public health by managing air, water, land, and energy resources, and is focused on addressing climate change, diversity, equity, and inclusion. In fiscal year (FY) 2024, EGLE will provide grants to support community energy management in an effort to minimize energy waste, improve energy cost, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Applicants must consider the following program objectives, priorities, and tasks in the planning of their proposal. 1. Program Objectives a. Assist in advancing local governments’ energy-related activities, b. Promote energy planning to ensure strategic implementation of energy-related activities, c. Promote energy benchmarking and auditing to increase understanding of energy use, d. Promote energy efficiency upgrades in appliances, lighting, and building envelopes to reduce energy use and costs, e. Promote the adoption of renewable energy systems to reduce energy costs and improve public and environmental health, f. Promote community engagement, outreach, and education to increase public awareness and involvement in energy-related activities. 3 2. Program Priorities a. Showcasing energy waste reduction and/or renewable energy as an affordable, reliable, adaptable, and environmentally protective solution for Michigan’s energy future. Energy waste reduction, as defined in Public Act 342 of 2016, includes energy efficiency, load management, and energy conservation. b. Use of energy audit/assessment results, from a recognized provider such as the RESTART program to guide energy efficiency investments. c. Driving down the installed cost/watt for renewable energy in Michigan. d. Increasing accessibility to renewable energy and/or energy waste reduction and the associated benefits for a broad range of end-users. e. Strategic deployment of renewable energy and/or energy waste reduction across the state that leverages regional strengths and opportunities. f. Increasing opportunities for business investment, talent enhancement, state branding, and community vitality. g. Reducing transportation sector emissions and operation costs through fleet electrification. h. Increasing access to publicly available electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, making it possible for more members of the community to switch to EVs. i. Support the goals of the MI Healthy Climate Plan. 3. Applicant Tasks NOTE: Applicants must clearly and succinctly explain how they will accomplish each required task below during the grant period. a. Determine where the applicant is at in the Energy Management Process. b. Select the following task(s) that the applicant seeks to complete with this proposal: i. Develop energy plans, policies, and/or ordinances. ii. Track building energy data with Energy Star Portfolio Manager. iii. Conduct energy audits. iv. Analyze building energy performance. v. Identify opportunities for energy and cost savings. vi. Perform energy efficiency upgrades. vii. Install renewable energy systems. viii. Host energy-related community engagement opportunities. 4 ix. Develop fleet replacement and/or charging infrastructure plans. x. Purchase alternative fuel vehicles, including EVs and plug-in hybrid vehicles. xi. Install electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), including charging infrastructure. xii. Implement financial incentive programs, including rebates and energy savings performance contracts. xiii. Support workforce development and curriculum design, including the implementation of classroom or virtual training programs. xiv. Carry out other energy-related activities. c. Determine the applicant’s next steps in the Energy Management Process. d. Ensure proper and best use disposal of materials used or removed through the project work (recycling, vehicle scrapping/selling, electronic waste disposal, etc.). I-C Grant Award A total of $5,850,000 in funding is available through the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s State Energy Program (SEP) and Energy Efficiency Conservation Block Grant Program (EECBG). $150,000 of this total is available through the SEP’s annual allocation, $3,000,000 is made available through the SEP’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (SEP BIL) allocation, and the remaining $2,700,000 is made available through the DOE’s EECBG program. The minimum and maximum grant award size for these allocations is: 1. Minimum individual grant award is $5,000. 2. Maximum individual grant award is $100,000. At least 40 percent of the total program funding will be granted to entities located in disadvantaged census tracts according to the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool. Applicant(s) must provide a complete Budget using the Approved Budget Form (See Section II-B). Budgets must be itemized and be accompanied by a budget narrative which adequately describes each budget category. This is a reimbursement-based opportunity, costs must be incurred and paid for before they are reimbursed. The grant(s) awarded from this Request for Proposals (RFP) will be subawards of the State’s federal award from the DOE’s SEP, the DOE’s SEP BIL, and the DOE’s EECBG. As such, the grant will adhere to all federal grant requirements. Match is not required for this opportunity; however, applicants are encouraged to provide documentation on any applicable match or leveraged funds for the 5 project. Reference Section IV-A for details on acceptable match types. The Energy Unit will award funds to applicants that agree to the terms set forth in this RFP and the Grant Agreement. The Energy Unit, an entity within the Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE), will be the primary contact with selected applicants to negotiate the scope of work, budget, reporting periods, report format, and reporting content. All other requirements are non- negotiable. Funds must be expended by August 31, 2025. I-D Eligibility Criteria For the SEP portion of the funds any local government, tribal government, or other public service entity physically located in Michigan is eligible to apply. For the EECBG portion of the funds, any local government or tribal government physically located in Michigan that did not receive direct EECBG funding allocations is eligible to apply (see the Local Government EECBG Funding Allocations or the Indian Tribe EECBG Funding Allocations for a list of direct recipients). At least 40 percent of the program funding will be granted to entities located in disadvantaged census tracts according to the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool. At this time, public schools and universities are not eligible to apply for the CEM program. Former Community Energy Management Program recipients must wait at least one program year following their most recent award before being eligible to apply again. Eligible projects must involve/address energy management, energy efficiency, renewable energy, fleet electrification, EV charging infrastructure, sustainable financing solutions, and/or clean energy workforce development. Potential projects may include, but are not limited to: 1. Creating or updating plans, policies, and/or ordinances to include energy systems, green building standards, climate change adaptation, and resiliency. 2. Benchmarking energy usage, water usage, and greenhouse gas emissions. 3. Energy efficiency assessments, including ASHRAE Level I or II audits. 4. Energy efficiency upgrades, such as lighting fixture replacements, HVAC upgrades, building insulation improvements, window, and door retrofits, etc. 5. Renewable energy projects, such as site and project savings assessments, stakeholder engagement, installation of solar panels and battery storage, etc. 6. Development of climate, sustainability, energy efficiency, renewable energy, fleet replacement, or EV charging infrastructure strategic plans. 7. Implementation of financial incentive programs, including rebates and energy savings performance contracts for existing facilities; grants and loans to support energy efficiency, renewable energy, and sustainable transportation 6 projects; loan loss reserves; interest-rate buy down programs; PACE programs; and loan guarantees. 8. Installation of Level 1, Level 2, or Direct Current (DC) Fast Charging infrastructure, and other related EVSE. 9. Purchasing alternative fuel vehicles, plug-in hybrids, and electric vehicles. 10. Workforce assessments and program design, including the implementation of classroom or virtual training programs, and/or curriculum development. 11. Public engagement, education, program promotion, and/or outreach. 12. Support for staff capacity, trainings, and/or workshops NOTE: Renewable energy projects will only be considered after all, or a majority of, energy efficiency upgrades have been completed as identified in an ASHRAE Level II audit and that fall under the NEPA categorical exclusions. NOTE: Installation of EVSE, including testing measurements to assess the safety and functionality of the EVSE (restricted to existing footprints within an existing parking facility, defined as any building, structure, land, right-of-way, facility, or area used for parking of motor vehicles which would not require any ground disturbance). All activities must use reversible, non-permanent techniques for installation, and where appropriate, use the lowest profile EVSE reasonably available that provides the necessary charging capacity. EVSE shall be placed in minimally visibly intrusive area; use colors complementary to surrounding environment, where possible, and be limited to the current electrical capacity. This applies to Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 (also known as Direct Current [DC] Fast Charging) EVSE for community and municipal fleets. Eligible projects must involve/address the applicable tasks set forth in Section I-B(3). Impacted facilities must be occupied and have long range plans of continued use. All eligible applicants must provide a Unique Entity Identifier (UEI) number from the System for Award Management (SAM.gov) website. UEI registration can take up to 10 business days to become active. I-E Ineligible Projects 1. Projects deemed illegal under the law or inappropriate under contract management standards. 2. Projects considered scientifically unsound or significantly increase risks to workers and/or the public. 3. Projects that will not be conducted in Michigan. 4. Projects involving demonstration of non-commercially available equipment and technologies. 7 5. Projects that cannot be shared with or have restricted transferability to other entities in Michigan. 6. Projects not directed to or lacking significant onsite energy waste reduction and/or renewable energy benefits. 7. Projects requiring an environmental assessment study under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 (Title 42 of the United States Code (U.S.C.) Section 4321 et seq.), unless the applicant can show proof of the DOE’s approval of the project. 8. Infrastructure projects wherein the construction materials, manufactured products, and iron and steel are not produced in the United States (See Section IV-K). 9. Renewable energy projects greater than 60kW DC for solar arrays and/or 1,000 kWh of battery storage. I-F Issuing Office and Point of Contact This RFP has been issued by EGLE’s Energy Unit. Questions that arise as a result of this RFP must be submitted to the Energy Unit by email only. All questions must be submitted on or before 5:00 p.m. (ET), May 1, 2024. All questions regarding this solicitation should be directed to: Cody Evans EvansC26@Michigan.gov I-G Changes to the RFP and Responses to Questions Written answers to questions, changes, and/or clarifications will be posted on the program webpage by May 15, 2024. I-H Proposals To be considered, applicants must submit a complete response to this RFP, addressing the Program Objectives, Program Priorities, and Applicant Tasks listed in the Program Description I-B, and using the format and attachments provided in Part II. I-I Response Date Proposals will be accepted until all funding is expended, or until 5:00 p.m. EST, June 30, 2024, whichever comes first. Awards will be granted on a first come, first served basis, at the discretion of the Energy Unit and program priorities. 8 PART II INFORMATION REQUIRED FROM APPLICANTS. The following information must be submitted by all applicants to be considered. Failure to attach/include the requested information will result in the rejection of the proposal. 1. Online Application (see link and instructions below) 2. Approved Budget Form (see link and instructions below) a. If an indirect cost rate is used in the budget, the Certificate of Indirect Costs (included in the Proposal Worksheet) must be selected, signed, and submitted (see link and instructions below) [if applicable] 3. Material certification [if applicable] 4. Documents of previous energy management work [if applicable] 5. Price estimates or quotes for the proposed project [if applicable] 6. Most recent copy of the A-133 or outside audit OR the most recent financial statements (balance sheet and income statement). Applicants that receive cumulative federal funding of over $750,000, or that receive a single state award over $500,000 are required to provide an A-133 single audit [if applicable] 7. State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Section 106 Review Form (see link and instructions below) [if applicable] 8. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Form (see link and instructions below) [if applicable] 9. Build America, Buy America Waiver Request Form (see link and instructions below) [if applicable] Please see instructions below for additional information: II-A Online Application Complete the Online Application. Questions marked with an asterisk (*) require a response. Applicable materials listed in Section II must be uploaded within the Online Application. Applicants can submit their completed Online Application by clicking the “Submit” button on the bottom of the application page. NOTE: DO NOT CLOSE THE ONLINE APPLICATION PRIOR TO SUBMITTING, OR ELSE ALL PROGRESS WILL BE LOST. II-B Approved Budget Form 1. Applicant(s) must use the Approved Budget Form. All budget categories must be addressed. Please use “N/A” or “None” to indicate there are no costs associated with a given budget category. 9 2. The following costs are disallowed: sick pay, holiday pay, paid vacation time, payroll taxes, vehicles, computers, real property (e.g., land and buildings), parking, tuition reimbursement/remission, vehicle allowance, car rental, subscriptions, dues, memberships, and repair of buildings and structures. 3. All applicants must provide a minimum 0 percent (0%) match of the total requested grant funds (aka “State share”). The sum of the State share plus the recipient share will equal the total allowable project cost. 4. Personnel – include all staff performing work on the project. For each staff person, provide their name, job title, annual salary/wages, and percent of time dedicated to the grant project. NOTE: The State will require Davis-Bacon Act or prevailing wage rates to be paid. 5. Fringe Benefits – allowable benefits typically include health insurance, dental insurance, and optical insurance. For each listed staff person, provide their fringe benefit rate, and confirm their annual fringe benefit cost. Applicants will be required to detail/justify the fringe rates given in their proposed budget prior to an agreement being finalized. If fringe cost rates are approved by a federal agency, identify the agency and date of latest rate agreement, and include a copy of the rate agreement with the application. If fringe cost rates are not approved by a federal agency, explain how total fringe benefit costs were calculated. Your calculations should identify all rates used along with the base they were applied to (and how the base was derived), and a total for each (along with the grand total). 6. Contractual Services – include all anticipated service contracts required for the project. All sub-recipients, vendors, contractors, and consultants and their estimated costs should be identified. Provide the vendor or contract name, the service to be provided, and the dollar amounts to be paid using grant funds and/or matching funds. Use to be determined if the entity is unknown. Include the basis of cost for each item (competitive, historical, quote, catalog, etc.). 7. Supplies & Materials – include items costing less than $5,000 per unit or a useful life expectancy of less than one year. Supplies are generally consumed during the project performance. Supply items must be direct costs to the project and not duplicative of supply costs included in the indirect pool that is the basis of any indirect rate applied for this project. Provide the item, unit cost, and quantity of units. Confirm the matching funds amount, if applicable. 8. Equipment – include items costing $5,000 or more per unit and having a useful life of one year or more. Provide the item, unit cost, quantity of units, and the dollar amounts to be paid using grant funds, and/or matching funds. List all proposed equipment and briefly justify its needs as it applies to the 10 objectives of this proposal. If the equipment is being proposed as cost match and was previously acquired, provide the value of its contribution to the project and a rationale for the estimated value shown. If it is new equipment that will retain a useful life upon completion of the project, provide a rationale for the estimated value shown. Also, indicate whether the equipment is being used for other projects or is 100% dedicated to this project. Equipment purchases will require additional documentation, such as Lien or Uniform Commercial Code Filing, and the State of Michigan listed as the lienholder/creditor for 5 years prior to reimbursement. 9. Other Direct Costs – include all other known direct costs not otherwise categorized or disallowed. Provide the title/name and the cost of each item/service listed. 10. Travel – include all mileage, lodging, meals, and other known travel costs. Provide travel costs separately as mileage, lodging, meals, and other known travel costs. All listed travel must be necessary or beneficial to the performance of the proposed project. State of Michigan travel rates must be used for all travel expenses. The most recent State of Michigan Travel Rates are posted by the Michigan Department of Technology, Management & Budget. 11. Indirect Rate – provide the indirect rate (up to 10 percent maximum) used by applicant’s organization as a percentage of the total direct cost. If the applicant’s indirect cost rate has been approved by a federal agency, identify the agency, date of the latest rate agreement, and submit a copy of the agreement with the application. NOTE: Applicant(s) will be required to justify their indirect rate given in their budget if it exceeds 10 percent. Additionally, all applicants including an indirect rate must sign and submit a Certificate of Indirect Costs. 12. Incurring Costs – The State is not liable for any costs incurred by an applicant prior to issuance of a Grant Agreement. The following documentation will be required by selected applicants to receive reimbursement: a. Receipt/Invoice or payroll summary for cost incurred. b. Proof of payment via bank statement, ACH payment, or scanned cashed check. NOTE: All match types (cash, in-kind, third-party) will be held to the same documentation requirements. Additional Budget Information: 1. In the event of a partially funded proposal, selected applicant(s) will be required to submit a revised proposal before entering into a Grant Agreement. 11 The proportion of direct costs to indirect costs will remain the same as in their original request. New line items to the revised budget are not allowed. 2. Selected applicant(s) assumes the responsibility for ensuring the grant project is performed within the established timeline. 3. If the entire State share of the grant award is expended, the entire in-kind and/or matched funds must be spent and supported by source documentation. If the entire State share of the grant award is not spent, the in- kind and/or matched funds may be reduced proportionately by the percentage of the grant award not spent. 4. Selected applicant(s) may not commingle award funds with current or future awards received from the DOE. Financial assistance from each funding source must be managed, reported, and accounted for separately from all other funding sources. 5. Should selected applicant(s) cease business operations or dissolve the program established under the grant agreement, existing capital must be returned to the State of Michigan. II-C Certificate of Indirect Costs If an indirect cost is included in the proposed budget, it must be certified using the Certificate of Indirect Costs. The certificate must be signed on behalf of the organization by an individual at a level no lower than vice president or chief financial officer of the organization that submits the proposal. This certification is included within the proposal worksheet and must be checked to certify. PART III SELECTION CRITERIA All proposals received shall be subject to an evaluation by EGLE’s Energy Unit. The evaluation will be conducted in a manner appropriate to select the applicant(s) for the purpose of entering into a Grant Agreement to perform the proposed project within the established timeline. Initial screening of the applications will be conducted to ensure applicants and projects meet all eligibility requirements. Proposals failing to meet the eligibility requirements described in Section I-C, that do not comply with the requirements of the Grant Agreement, and/or which are incomplete, will be rejected automatically. Proposals meeting the eligibility requirements will be evaluated according to the scoring criteria and weighting factors below. III-A Proposal Selection Submitted applications will go through an eligibility evaluation and risk assessment. Awards will be given at the discretion of the Energy Unit and 12 program priorities on a first come, first served basis until all the funding is committed or until the application deadline of June 30, 2024. Priority will be given to applicants who are in disadvantaged census tracts, identified through the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool, and/or have not received CEM funding in the past two years. III-B Project Clarifications/Revisions During the proposal review process, applicants may be contacted for clarification and for the purpose of negotiating changes in project activities, timetables, and budgeted costs. The Issuing Office reserves the right to award funds for an amount other than that requested and/or request changes to, or clarification of, the proposed project. III-C Rejection of Proposals EGLE’s Energy Unit reserves the right to reject any and all proposals received as a result of this RFP or to negotiate separately with any source whatsoever in any manner necessary to serve the best interest of the State and the Energy Unit. The Energy Unit will not pay for the information solicited or obtained as a result of a consultant/vendor’s response to any RFP. III-D Acceptance of Proposal Content The contents of this RFP and the proposal of the selected applicant become grant obligations if a grant award ensues. Failure of the selected applicant to accept these obligations shall result in cancellation of the award. The successful applicant(s) will be required to accept all terms and enter into a Grant Agreement with the State within 45 calendar days of being notified of funding availability. The Agreement consists of standard contract language, applicant’s work plan, timetable, and budget information, a compensation clause that adheres to guidelines in this solicitation, and terms and conditions that outline additional requirements. 13 PART IV ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IV-A Acceptable Match Types Applicants may use cash, bond proceeds, tax-exempt leasing and/or Michigan SAVES financing for some or all of their match, and those that do will receive favorable consideration. Match may be categorized as in-kind or monetary from a third-party, or in-kind or monetary from the applicant organization. Match is subject to the same backup documentation as expenses incurred. IV-B SIGMA Vendor Registration All selected applicants must be registered as a vendor of the State of Michigan on the SIGMA Vendor Self Services (VSS) before entering into a Grant Agreement. If you are an existing vendor and have an account in Sigma VSS, please verify that all your account information is correct. If not, please use the Sigma VSS to register. This website is for the exclusive use of the vendors and individuals intent on doing business with the State of Michigan and allows you to be paid in the event that you are awarded a contract. Your registration may take up to two weeks to be processed. IV-C News Releases News releases (including promotional literature and commercial advertisements) pertaining to the Grant or project to which it relates must not be made without prior written State approval, and then only in accordance with the explicit written instructions of the State. IV-D Disclosure of Proposal Contents All information in a bidder’s proposal and any Grant resulting from this RFP is subject to the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act, 1976 PA 442, as amended, MCL 15.231, et seq. IV-E Copyrighted Materials See Section VI of the Grant Agreement for a summary of intellectual property provisions. IV-F Prime Applicant Responsibilities The selected applicant will be required to assume responsibility for all grant activities offered in the proposal whether or not that applicant performs them. Further, the State will consider the selected applicant (Recipient) to be the sole point of contact with regard to grant matters, including but not limited to payment 14 of any and all costs resulting from the anticipated grant. If any part of the work is to be subcontracted, the Recipient must notify their Grant Manager and identify the subcontractor(s), including firm name and address, contact person, complete description of work to be subcontracted, descriptive information concerning subcontractor’s organizational abilities, Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN), UEI number, and/or state license number. The State reserves the right to approve subcontractors for the project and to require the Recipient to replace subcontractors found to be unacceptable. The Recipient is totally responsible for adherence by the subcontractor to all provisions of the Grant. For additional information, see Section VII and VIII of the Grant Agreement for a summary of delegation provisions. IV-G Partner Responsibilities Organizations partnering with selected applicant(s) must comply with the requirements of the solicitation and will be held to the same standards as prime applicants. IV-H State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) Section 106 Review Form If the applicant is conducting ground-disturbing activity or work on a building(s) that is/are at least fifty years of age or older, applicant must complete in full the State Historic Preservation Office Application for Section 106 Review. The review process must be completed prior to the expenditure of federal funds. No project that results in an adverse effect to a historic property will be considered for funding. Projects may be modified to avoid adverse effects. Submit this form with your proposal. EGLE’s Energy Unit will review and forward to the State Historic Preservation Office, as necessary. IV-I National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Form All activities undertaken with grant funds must comply with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 (42 U.S.C. Section 4321 et seq). It is the Recipient’s responsibility to acquire all necessary environmental permits to operate in the State of Michigan. Submit this form with your proposal for review. IV-J Davis-Bacon Act Requirements The Davis-Bacon Act requires that all laborers and mechanics that are non- government employees receive prevailing wages. This requires that the Department of Labor wage rate report is included with agreements that are affected by the Davis-Bacon Act requirement. If applicable, all positions that are related to an agreement subject to the Davis-Bacon Act must be classified 15 accordingly. Weekly time reporting requirements and necessary forms are listed in the Grant Agreement, Addendum to Part II. Detailed information about the Davis Bacon Act can be found at the U.S. Department of Labor website on federal Contracts-Working Conditions. IV-K Build America, Buy America Act Requirements The Build America, Buy America Act (BABA), enacted as part of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, established a domestic content procurement preference for all federal financial assistance obligated for infrastructure projects after May 14, 2022. Recipients of an award of Federal financial assistance from a program for infrastructure are hereby notified that none of the funds provided under this award may be used for a project for infrastructure unless: 1. All iron and steel used in the project are produced in the United States--this means all manufacturing processes, from the initial melting stage through the application of coatings, occurred in the United States, 2. All manufactured products used in the project are produced in the United States—this means the manufactured product was manufactured in the United States; and the cost of the components of the manufactured product that are mined, produced, or manufactured in the United States is greater than 55 percent of the total cost of all components of the manufactured product, unless another standard for determining the minimum amount of domestic content of the manufactured product has been established under applicable law or regulation; and 3. All construction materials 1 are manufactured in the United States—this means that all manufacturing processes for the construction material occurred in the United States. The Buy America preference only applies to articles, materials, and supplies that are consumed in, incorporated into, or affixed to an infrastructure project. As such, it does not apply to tools, equipment, and supplies, such as temporary scaffolding, brought to the construction site and removed at or before the completion of the infrastructure project. Nor does a Buy America preference apply to equipment and furnishings, such as movable chairs, desks, and portable computer equipment, that are used at or within the finished infrastructure project but are not an integral part of the structure or permanently affixed to the infrastructure project. 1 Excludes cement and cementitious materials, aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel, or aggregate binding agents or additives. 16 “Construction materials” includes an article, material, or supply—other than an item of primarily iron or steel; a manufactured product; cement and cementitious materials; aggregates such as stone, sand, or gravel; or aggregate binding agents or additives—that is or consists primarily of: • Non-ferrous metals, • Plastic and polymer-based products (including polyvinylchloride, composite building materials, and polymers used in fiber optic cables), • Glass (including optic glass), • Lumber, or • Drywall. “Domestic content procurement preference’’ means all iron and steel used in the project are produced in the United States; the manufactured products used in the project are produced in the United States; or the construction materials used in the project are produced in the United States. “Infrastructure” includes, at a minimum, the structures, facilities, and equipment for, in the United States, roads, highways, and bridges; public transportation; dams, ports, harbors, and other maritime facilities; intercity passenger and freight railroads; freight and intermodal facilities; airports; water systems, including drinking water and wastewater systems; electrical transmission facilities and systems; utilities; broadband infrastructure; and buildings and real property. Infrastructure includes facilities that generate, transport, and distribute energy. ‘‘Project’’ means the construction, alteration, maintenance, or repair of infrastructure in the United States. Waiver Process When necessary, an applicant may request a waiver from the BABA requirements. This request must be first submitted to EGLE since EGLE is the prime recipient of the federal funds. EGLE will then review the waiver request, and if warranted, submit it to the DOE. Waiver requests are subject to review by the DOE and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), as well as a public comment period of no less than 15 calendar days. Waiver requests will be made publicly available on the DOE’s and OMB’s websites. The DOE may reject or grant waivers in whole or in part depending on its review, analysis, and/or feedback from OMB or the public. Waiver requests may take up to 90 calendar days to process. To be considered for a waiver from the BABA requirements, submit this form with your proposal for review. 17 NOTE: A proposal that fails to meet the BABA requirements without an approved waiver request will not be eligible for funding. Attachment 2 MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, GREAT LAKES, AND ENERGY NEPA Form Rev. 01/24/20 APPLICANT INFORMATION Name: Facility/Establishment Name: Physical Street Address: SCOPE OF WORK Oakland County has applied for a Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) grant, not to exceed $100,000. This grant will enable Oakland County to keep our energy efficiency and decarbonization momentum moving along. More specifically, the grant funds will be used for campus building energy efficiency upgrades and audits, as recommended by the energy study. Several of the buildings included in this proposed project are in a Justice40 census tract in the City of Pontiac, MI. PROJECT ACTIVITY PROCESS The exact use of the CEM funds will be determined following the delivery of the county’s impending campus energy study and its identified opportunities for energy and cost savings, which we expect by January 2025. In general, the projects tasks are as follows: **Perform energy efficiency upgrades: CEM funding will be used for this purpose based on the energy study and prior audit recommendations. Upgrade projects will be completed by contracted energy-upgrade installers. This task will be completed before August 31, 2025. **Conduct energy audits or other building analyses: Several ASHRAE audits will be completed in the comprehensive energy study project, separate from CEM funding, in late 2024-early 2025. CEM funding may be used for additional Level I or II ASHRAE audits or other analysis, as needed, based on the energy study results and would be performed by auditor consultants. This task will be completed by August 31, 2025. The county also plans to complete its EPA Portfolio Manager account for all county owned buildings within fiscal year 2024-2025. (This task will be separate from the CEM scope of work but related to the county’s bigger picture goals of energy waste reducti on, decarbonization and reducing GHG emissions.) The grant applicant has stated to the EGLE that there will be no ground disturbance or new construction associated with this project at this location. There are no new or modified environmental permits anticipated at this time. Oakland County Oakland County Campus Buildings Various addresses in Pontiac and Waterford, MI Attachment 2 MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, GREAT LAKES, AND ENERGY NEPA Form Rev. 01/24/20 WASTE CHARACTERIZATION/POLLUTION CONTROL Oakland County is in compliance with federal and state environmental statutes according to the EGLE District office that oversee facility operations. Further, the EGLE believes that the proposed project activities will not require additional environmental permits. There are no hazardous materials and/ or treated waste being generated as a result of this activity that are not accounted for under the Universal Waste rules. APPLICABLE PERMITS The following permits are applicable and will be secured from municipal or other public authorities as may be required in connection with the performance of this proposed project. TIMELINE The project will begin with signed agreements no later than January 2025 with an end date of August 31, 2025. PROPOSED BUDGET Categories Grant/Loan Applicant Total Personnel/Fringe Contractual Services $90,000 $0 $90,000 Supplies/Materials Equipment Travel Other Direct Cost Indirect 10% $10,000 Projected Total $100,000 There are no applicable permits for ASHRAE audits or other analysis. For the potential energy upgrades portion of this project, required permits will be secured as deemed necessary. Attachment 2 MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, GREAT LAKES, AND ENERGY NEPA Form Rev. 01/24/20 Erin N. Quetell CERTIFICATION I certify that the information provided is correct: ____________________________________________ ____________________ Signature Date Chief Environmental Sustainability Officer- Oakland County, MI ____________________________________________ Print Name 4/22/2024 August 5, 2022 2018 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Memo Oakland County 2/44 Table of Contents Oakland County 2018 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Memo .................................................................... 1 Greenhouse Gas Inventory ................................................................................................................... 4 GHG Inventory Summary .......................................................................................................... 4 Target Setting Considerations .................................................................................................. 9 Areas of Inventory Improvement ............................................................................................ 11 Methodology and Calculator Guidance: How to Use ClearPath in Future GHG Inventories ............ 13 ClearPath ................................................................................................................................. 13 Buildings & Facilities Calculations ........................................................................................ 14 Vehicle Fleet Calculations ...................................................................................................... 20 Solid Waste Facilities Calculations ........................................................................................ 30 Wastewater Treatment Facilities Calculations ....................................................................... 35 Process & Fugitive Emissions Calculations .......................................................................... 43 List of Figures Figure 1 – 2018 GHG Inventory ............................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 – ClearPath Tabs Used in Oakland County Inventory ............................................................... 13 Figure 3 – Sample of Oakland County Parks and Recreation Department Electricity Data File ............... 15 Figure 4 – 2018 Electricity Emissions Factor .......................................................................................... 15 Figure 5 – ClearPath Electricity Calculator Data Inputs Screen .............................................................. 16 Figure 6 – Sample Natural Gas Data Bill ................................................................................................ 17 Figure 7 – ClearPath Natural Gas Calculator Data Inputs Screen ........................................................... 18 Figure 8 – ClearPath Generator Fuel Oil Calculator Data Inputs Screen ................................................. 19 Figure 9 – Municipal Fleet Fuel Data...................................................................................................... 21 Figure 10 – Vehicle Class Categories .................................................................................................... 21 Figure 11 – Airport Vehicle Fuel Log, Gasoline ....................................................................................... 22 Figure 12 – Airport On-road Vehicle Fleet .............................................................................................. 22 Figure 13 – ClearPath On-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Gasoline ......................... 23 Figure 14 – ClearPath On-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Diesel ............................. 24 Figure 15 – Off-road Equipment Fuel Type Comparison ......................................................................... 25 Figure 16 – Airport Vehicle Fuel Log, Diesel ........................................................................................... 26 Figure 17 – Airport Off-road Vehicle Fleet............................................................................................... 27 Figure 18 – ClearPath Off-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Diesel ............................. 28 Figure 19 – ClearPath Off-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Biodiesel ........................ 28 Figure 20 – ClearPath Off-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Gasoline ......................... 29 Figure 21 – Sample of 2020 Park Waste Generation Analysis ................................................................ 30 Figure 22 – ClearPath Waste Characterization Factor Set Input ............................................................. 32 Figure 23 – ClearPath Solid Waste Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Campus Waste to Landfill .............. 33 Figure 24 – ClearPath Solid Waste Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Park Waste to Landfill ................... 34 Figure 25 – ClearPath Solid Waste Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Park Waste to Compost................. 34 Figure 26 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculators Uses in 2018 GHG Inventory ........................ 37 Figure 27 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Conventional WWTP Process Emissions ................................................................................................................................ 38 3/44 Figure 28 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Conventional Aerobic WWTP Effluent ...................................................................................................................................... 39 Figure 29 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Conventional Anaerobic WWTP Effluent ...................................................................................................................................... 40 Figure 30 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Digester Gas Combustion .............................................................................................................................................................. 41 Figure 31 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Septic Systems ............. 42 Figure 32 – ClearPath Fugitive Emissions Calculator Data Inputs Screen .............................................. 44 List of Tables Table 1 – IPCC Fifth Assessment Report GWP Values ............................................................................. 4 Table 2 – 2018 Municipal Activity Data and Emissions.............................................................................. 5 Table 3 – 2050 GHG Reduction Barrier Analysis .................................................................................... 10 Table 4 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Buildings & Facilities .............................. 14 Table 5 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Vehicle Fleet .......................................... 20 Table 6 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Solid Waste Facilities ............................. 30 Table 7 – Michigan State-wide Aggregate Composition (mean % by weight)........................................... 31 Table 8 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources –Wastewater Treatment Facilities .............. 35 Table 9 – Facilities with Process/Effluent Emissions Included in the GHG Inventory ............................... 35 Table 10 – Conventional Wastewater Treatment Facility Information ...................................................... 36 Table 11 – Septic System Facility Information......................................................................................... 36 Table 12 – ClearPath Calculators and Wastewater Facility Mapping ....................................................... 37 Table 13 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Process & Fugitive Emissions .............. 43 4/44 Greenhouse Gas Inventory The County conducted a greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory to understand the sources of County operational GHG emissions and to identify priority actions that can advance its net zero carbon goal. The GHG inventory results presented in this memo highlight the sectors in which the County will need to focus GHG reduction efforts to achieve the net zero target. The inventory accounts for emissions across all sites, facilities, and operations to represent the full spectrum of County operational emissions. This government operations GHG inventory follows the guidance outlined in the Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP), developed by ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability, the California Air Resources Board, and the California Climate Action Registry. As an ICLEI member, the County selected ICLEI’s ClearPath tool as the primary GHG inventory tracking tool. ClearPath is an online application for the calculation, tracking, and management of GHG emissions inventories at the government operations and community scales. ClearPath allows users to create government operations inventories that are in line with the LGOP. The tool accounts for the GHGs recognized under the Kyoto Protocol, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). These GHGs have varying levels of climate impact and are represented as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) in the GHG inventory to allow for comparison. Each GHG has a global warming potential (GWP) that represents its heat-trapping ability relative to that of CO2. Quantities of different GHGs are converted to CO2e using their 100-year GWP values from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report.1 Table 1 – IPCC Fifth Assessment Report GWP Values GHG* GWP CO2 1 CH4 28 N2O 265 * Due Oakland County’s inventory boundary and reporting protocol requirements, only CO 2, CH4, and N2O emissions were relevant to the County’s operations and are included in this table. The LGOP recommends GHG inventories be developed based on calendar year data. The County’s base year inventory represents calendar year 2018 as it is the most recent year that reflects normal, pre- COVID-19 operating conditions. The inventory is organized into five sectors: Buildings and Facilities, Vehicle Fleet, Solid Waste Facilities, Wastewater Facilities, and Fugitive Emissions. Generally, the inventory includes emissions from sources over which the County has operational control, except for solid waste disposal. The County has operational control in instances where there is full authority to introduce and implement operating policies at the operation. If services are contracted to other organizations who maintain operational control, any emissions resulting from the service are considered “outside” of the County’s control and can be optionally reported. Even though solid waste disposal operations would be considered an optional emissions source, these emissions have been included in the 2018 inventory to better represent total GHG emissions due to County operations. GHG Inventory Summary In calendar year 2018, government operations generated 56,411 metric tonnes (MT) CO2e. Approximately 75% of these emissions are from building and facility electricity and natural gas use. The remaining emissions are primarily from on-road fleet vehicles followed by wastewater treatment processes, solid waste disposal, and off-road vehicles and equipment. The following sections detail municipal emissions in each of the five sectors (see Figure 1 and Table 2). 1 https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar5/ 5/44 Figure 1 – 2018 GHG Inventory Table 2 – 2018 Municipal Activity Data and Emissions ClearPath Category CY2018 Activity Data Unit ClearPath Emissions (MTCO2e) % Total Buildings and Facilities Natural Gas 2,460,769 therms 13,088 23% Generator Fuel Oil 1,587 gallons 16 <1% Electricity 49,829,981 kWh 29,857 53% Vehicle Fleet On-road Vehicles - Diesel 39,163 gallons 400 <1% On-road Vehicles - Gasoline 891,677 gallons 7,864 14% Off-road Vehicles - Diesel 31,144 gallons 321 <1% Off-road Vehicles - Biodiesel 451 gallons 4 <1% Off-road Vehicles - Gasoline 28,292 gallons 250 <1% Solid Waste Facilities Campus Solid Waste 5,014 short tons 1,627 3% Park Waste - Landfill 1,129 short tons 366 <1% Park Waste - Compost 49 short tons 3 <1% Conventional WWTP Process Emissions 221,112 people 513 <1% 76% 1% 16% 4% 3% 2018 Municipal CO2e Emissions by Sector Buildings and Facilities Fugitive Emissions Vehicle Fleet Wastewater Treatment Facilities Solid Waste Facilities 6/44 Wastewater Treatment Facilities Conventional Aerobic WWTP Effluent Discharge 96,112 people 589 1% Conventional Anaerobic WWTP Effluent Discharge 125,000 people 910 2% Conventional Anaerobic WWTP Digester Gas Combustion 125,000 people 8 <1% Septic Systems 1,379 people 168 <1% Process and Fugitive Emissions Fugitive Emissions from Natural Gas Distribution 2,460,769 therms 427 <1% TOTAL 56,411 MTCO2e Buildings and Facilities Buildings and facilities generate GHG emissions from on-site energy use. Electricity consumption is the single largest contributor to County GHG emissions, generating roughly 53% of total local government operations emissions. The County uses a third-party choice purchaser, Executive Energy, to purchase electricity, but does not currently participate in any green power purchasing, which could serve to reduce the County’s electricity emissions in the future. Natural gas consumption generates approximately 23% of total GHG emissions, while fuel oil used in generators contributes less than one percent. The Central Steam Plant uses natural gas to generate steam. The steam is distributed to the main campus buildings to provide space heating/cooling and water heating. Though the Central Steam Plant occasionally uses fuel oil, none was consumed in calendar year 2018. Additionally, three campus buildings do not use central steam and are served directly by utility-provided natural gas. The County also operates three airports and multiple wastewater treatment facilities, septic systems, and retention treatment basins that use natural gas and electricity. Streetlight electricity consumption was excluded from this inventory as direct electricity consumption data was not available and GHG emissions are likely negligible based on the small number of streetlights within County control. The County operates 35 emergency generators that use #2 dyed ultra-low sulfur diesel. The County’s wastewater treatment facilities also use separate generators, but the fuel consumption information for these systems is not currently tracked and has not been included in the 2018 inventory. Fugitive Emissions Fugitive emissions include the intentional or unintentional releases of GHGs commonly arising from the production, processing, transmission, storage, and use of fuels and other substances. This includes refrigerant leakage from air conditioners or natural gas leakage from distribution pipelines. Municipal operations fugitive emissions include those from natural gas distribution and represent less than 1% of the County’s total GHG emissions. Calculating refrigerant leakage emissions depends on knowing the timing and quantity of refrigerant recharge. The County hires contractors to re-charge refrigerants in chiller systems but the amount of added refrigerant is not tracked. The County is currently working to create a refrigerant tracking system for large chillers, which could help inform future GHG inventories. 7/44 Vehicle Fleet The County’s vehicle fleet includes on-road and off-road vehicles and equipment. The on-road vehicle fleet generates nearly 15% of total GHG emissions while off-road vehicles and equipment contribute approximately 1%. On-road and off-road vehicles and equipment both use gasoline and diesel fuels while some off-road equipment also uses biodiesel. While on-road vehicle fleet fuel use could not be disaggregated by County department, off -road emissions included in the inventory were from Parks and Recreation and Airport Administration equipment, such as lawnmowers all-terrain vehicles, snowblowers, plows, runway brooms, fire trucks, and tractors. The Water Resources Commissioner’s (WRC) Office also uses gasoline, diesel, and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) powered off-road vehicles and equipment, such as forklifts, pumps, rough terrain vehicles (RTV), telehandlers, snow blowers, and pressure washers. However, WRC does not specifically track off-road fuel consumption, so emissions from their off-road vehicles and equipment were excluded from the 2018 inventory. The Sheriff’s Office helicopters are the only source of aviation fuel consumption in County municipal operations. During inventory development, County staff considered this fuel use to be negligible and this activity was excluded from the inventory. Wastewater Treatment Facilities Wastewater generates GHG emissions during its treatment and discharge. The County operates multiple wastewater treatment facilities, septic systems, and retention treatment basins. These systems serve residents, businesses, parks, and golf courses. Wastewater treatment and discharge from these systems generates nearly 4% of total County emissions. This category represents process emissions that occur from wastewater treatment and discharge. Any electricity and natural gas use from County-operated wastewater facilities is reflected in the Buildings and Facilities sector. Wastewater produced by municipal operations, such as in bathrooms, is primarily sent to wastewater facilities outside of the County’s operational control (e.g., Clinton River Water Resource Recovery Facility). Therefore, these emissions are considered optional sources for reporting purposes and are not included in the 2018 inventory. Solid Waste Facilities Solid waste disposal generates GHG emissions based on its treatment process, such as through the decomposition of organic matter. This typically occurs in landfills where fugitive methane emissions are released. Composting organic waste can drastically reduce these emissions, while recycling waste typically produces no GHG emissions that are reflected in the GHG inventory. Using estimated waste quantities, landfilled waste from the campus and parks generates almost 4% of total government operations emissions. Composting green waste from County Parks generates less than 1%. Around 13% of total waste is estimated to be diverted to recycling or compost. The County does not own or operate any landfills and therefore does not report any direct landfill fugitive GHG emissions. The County does generate solid waste though and contracts waste disposal services. Even though contracted solid waste disposal operations are considered optional emissions sources, they are included in the 2018 inventory to better represent total GHG emissions from municipal operations. Empirical data on solid waste disposal in 2018 was not available. However, a campus operations diversion rate analysis was conducted as part of the sustainability planning process with 2020 data that showed estimated campus and park waste quantities and destinations. These estimates were developed based on information gathered from department interviews, dumpster sizes, and pick-up schedules. The 2020 estimated waste quantities were used as a proxy for calendar year 2018. Notably, these waste 8/44 values reflect pandemic-related operational impacts while the rest of the 2018 GHG inventory data does not. Additionally, the specific receiving landfills and composting sites for the campus and park waste are unknown, so default assumptions were made to support the GHG emissions calculations. To improve future solid waste tracking and emissions reporting, the County should require waste quantity and disposal destination reporting from its waste contractors (see the strategy H5: Review and Renegotiate Waste Hauling Contracts in the Sustainability Plan for more detail). 9/44 Target Setting Considerations The County set a target to achieve net zero emissions for County government operations by 2050 with an interim target of 50% emissions reduction by 2035. During the Sustainability Plan development process, the County selected 2018 as the inventory baseline year. As there are different pathways for meeting a net zero target, the definition of net zero in the context of Oakland County’s operations and Sustainability Plan is as follows: Net Zero: The net GHG emissions associated with County government operations are zero. This is achieved through ambitious local climate action that reduces GHG emissions to the extent feasible combined with implementation of local and regional carbon dioxide removal (CDR) opportunities to remove any remaining emissions estimated to occur in the target years. CDR opportunities can include natural strategies, such as forest restoration and agricultural soil management, or high-tech strategies, such as direct air capture. In order to reach net zero, sector-specific strategies and targets can be identified to ensure sector reductions are progressing in line with the net zero goal. However, there may be technological or political barriers to meeting these sector targets or reducing remaining emissions. The following sections discuss draft sector-specific targets, potential barriers to achieving emissions reductions, and sources of remaining or residual emissions. Sector Targets The following section describes draft sector-level GHG reduction targets. Transportation Draft Targets: 1. Transition to 100% ZEV purchases as soon as possible for passenger/light-duty vehicles and no later than 2035 for all other vehicle types 2. 100% ZEV fleet by 2050 Fleet emissions can be reduced by converting fleet vehicles to zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). ZEVs include battery electric or fuel cell electric vehicles. If the County aspires to transition 100% of the fleet to ZEVs by 2050, fleet vehicles should begin to be replaced with ZEVs at the end of the vehicle’s lifetime starting no later 2030 (this year can vary depending on vehicle lifetime). Maximizing GHG emission reductions in this sector is likely also dependent on decarbonizing the electric grid. To fully reduce transportation emissions, the fleet should be 100% ZEV and the grid should be powered by 100% zero-carbon energy. Building and Facility Electrification Draft Targets: 1. Begin transition to 100% all-electric (or other decarbonized option) replacements for fossil fuel equipment no later than 2035 2. Fully decommission Central Heating Plant by 2050 3. 100% building and facility electrification by 2050 Building and facility emissions can be reduced through electrification which is transitioning from fossil fuel equipment to electric options. If the County is to transition 100% of buildings and facilities to all-electric by 10/44 2050, fossil fuel equipment should begin to be replaced with only electric options at the end of the equipment’s lifetime starting around 2035 (this year can vary depending on the equipment lifetime). Maximizing GHG emission reductions in this sector is also dependent on decarbonizing the electric grid. To fully reduce emissions in this sector, electrified buildings and facilities should be powered by a 100% zero-carbon electric grid. Electricity Draft Targets: 1. Purchase 100% carbon-free electricity through County utility provider by 2035 2. Develop on-site solar resources to generate 25% of electricity demand by 2035 GHG emissions reductions in the building and transportation sectors rely on obtaining electricity from a 100% zero-carbon grid. This can be achieved through a combination of on-site or off-site renewable energy installations, green power purchasing agreements, and lobbying for aggressive grid decarbonization targets at the state level. Remaining Emissions and Reduction Barriers Achieving the net zero target means directly reducing GHG emissions to the maximum feasible extent by focusing on the largest emissions sources through policies, incentives, and partnerships. However, there are current technological, regulatory, and financial barriers that will inhibit the County from directly reducing all emissions to zero by 2050. These barriers, as well as potential solutions the County can pursue, are presented in Table 3. Table 3 – 2050 GHG Reduction Barrier Analysis Barrier Barrier Description Potential Solutions Grid decarbonization Michigan’s Renewable Energy Standard required Michigan electric providers to achieve a retail supply portfolio of 15% renewable energy in 2021. Additionally, it established a 2025 goal of meeting not less than 35% of the state’s electric needs through a combination of energy waste reduction and renewable energy by 2025.2 DTE Energy, which is the County’s electric utility distributor, has set a target of 25% renewable electricity generation by 2030.3 DTE has also set a net zero goal by 2050, but they have not set a formal renewable energy target by 2030. The Biden administration set a target of 100% carbon- free electricity by 2035, but this goal could face substantial political roadblocks and is not guaranteed to occur. The County will need to increase its renewable energy procurement through a combination of on-site or off-site renewable energy installations, green power purchasing agreements, and lobbying for aggressive grid decarbonization targets at the state level. Building natural gas use Unlike other emissions sources, there are currently no industry commitments to decarbonize natural gas use in existing Continue to evaluate the County’s utility provider options considering a range of factors, including their 2 https://www.michigan.gov/-/media/Project/Websites/mpsc/regulatory/reports/pa295- ren/2020_Renewable_Energy_Standard_Report_with_Appendices.pdf?rev=abf6a8f90b934d178f6e08e73bf970ca 3 https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/michigan/2018/05/18/michigan-dte-consumers-renewable-goal/35058065/ 11 /44 buildings from space and water heating or cooking. Technology already exists to decarbonize many natural gas applications that are used in County buildings, so the barrier to target achievement is potential pushback from the County facility management team who might be unfamiliar with electric equipment options, for example. There could also be cost barriers associated with electrifying buildings if panel upgrades or other upfront expenses are required. commitment to supporting decarbonization in the building sector with financial incentives. Establish a long-term plan for County building decarbonization that includes a phasing schedule that can inform the capital budgeting process to ensure sufficient funds are allocated to complete the work. Zero emission vehicle (ZEV) and zero- emission off- road equipment purchasing ZEV options may not be available for all vehicle and equipment types. Conduct a fleet transition study to understand the timing and technologies available to achieve a 100% ZEV fleet and 100% zero- emissions off-road equipment target, including phasing schedules to inform capital budget planning. Wastewater treatment Wastewater treatment processes generate 4% of total emissions in 2018. Further, fully reducing all process-related GHG emissions from wastewater treatment is technologically challenging and potentially cost prohibitive. Continue to research high-efficiency wastewater treatment processes and utilize state-wide or federal programs aimed at helping local wastewater treatment facilities in their decarbonization efforts. Plan for a 2050 scenario in which wastewater treatment emissions remain and must be compensated with CDR opportunities. Solid Waste Actual solid waste disposal and diversion data is not available. Estimated campus and park waste data shows that 13% of total waste is diverted to recycling or compost. In order to reduce waste emissions, all organic solid waste types must be diverted to recycling or to be composted. This primarily includes paper/cardboard, food, green/yard waste, and lumber scraps. More accurate waste data is needed to better establish reduction targets. However, 100% diversion of all recyclable and compostable content could act as an aspirational target (the actual diversion % will be lower than 100% as not all materials can be diverted). Plan for a 2050 scenario in which some amount of solid waste emissions remain and must be compensated with CDR opportunities. Areas of Inventory Improvement If desired, the County can improve or expand on its optional GHG emissions reporting in future inventories, which could include the following: 1. Improving solid waste emissions calculations • Collect accurate solid waste data on quantity of waste landfilled, recycled, and composted 12/44 2. Calculating emissions from wastewater produced by County operations • Collect information on the treatment facilities and staff population served by each facility 3. Calculate emissions from employee commute and business travel • Collect information on miles travels, gallons of fuel consumed, and vehicle types Note that each of these options is likely to represent a very minor additional contribution of GHG emissions to the County’s inventory, and the data collection efforts necessary to achieve accurate results may not justify the extra effort. Additionally, other minor emissions sources that were excluded from the 2018 GHG inventory could be calculated and included in future inventories, if desired. These sources include: 1. Street light electricity consumption 2. Refrigerant leakage 3. WRC off-road equipment fuel consumption 4. Sherriff helicopter fuel consumption 13/44 Methodology and Calculator Guidance: How to Use ClearPath in Future GHG Inventories This methodology and guidance section documents use of the ClearPath GHG inventory calculator in developing the County’s 2018 inventory. The information provided below, combined with the County’s GHG inventory activity data files, should provide sufficient guidance for a future user to develop a subsequent GHG inventory that is consistent with the approach taken in the 2018 version. ClearPath The ClearPath GHG calculators applicable to Oakland County GHG emissions are located under the following ClearPath tabs (see green text-labeled tabs in Figure 1): 1. Buildings & Facilities 2. Vehicle Fleet 3. Solid Waste Facilities 4. Water & Wastewater Treatment Facilities 5. Process & Fugitive Emissions Figure 2 – ClearPath Tabs Used in Oakland County Inventory In these calculators, any “optional” inputs do not need to be completed. If the calculator used includes the question: “Is the facility owned/operated by your local government?”, the answer should be marked as “Yes” for all calculators except for solid waste (landfill and compost). 14/44 Buildings & Facilities Calculations Table 4 identifies the ClearPath calculators used on the Buildings & Facilities tab, including the activity data analyzed, the calculator name, the inputs needed, and the source of inputs collected for the 2018 GHG inventory. Details on calculating each activity type are provided in subsequent sections. Table 4 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Buildings & Facilities Activity ClearPath Calculator Name ClearPath Inputs Source of Inputs Electricity “Emissions from Grid Electricity” • Electricity Use (kWh) • Municipal Buildings: Joseph Murphy <murphyj@oakgov.com> • Wastewater Treatment Facilities: Gary Nigro <nigrog@oakgov.com> • Airport: Michelle Stover <stoverm@oakgov.com> • Parks and Recreation: Mike Donnellon <donnellonm@oakgov.com> Natural Gas “Emissions from Stationary Fuel Combustion” • Fuel Type (Natural Gas) • Fuel Use (therms) • Central Heating Plant and Separate Municipal Accounts: Joseph Murphy <murphyj@oakgov.com> • Wastewater Treatment Facilities: Gary Nigro <nigrog@oakgov.com> • Airports: Michelle Stover <stoverm@oakgov.com> Generator Fuel Oil “Emissions from Stationary Fuel Combustion” • Fuel Type (Fuel Oil) • Fuel Use (gallons) • Mike Chiasson <chiassonm@oakgov.com> Electricity Data Sources Electricity data was provided separately for four different sources: 1. Municipal buildings 2. Wastewater treatment plants 3. Airports 4. Parks and Recreation operations Total electricity consumption data for municipal buildings, wastewater treatment plants, and airports was provided as a separate kWh value for each source. Parks and Recreation electricity usage was represented by account and not summed. However, because kWh consumption was represented multiple times per account (see Figure 3), it was necessary to select one kWh reading per account in order to sum total Parks and Recreation kWh consumption rather than summing the entire “Usage” column. 15/44 Figure 3 – Sample of Oakland County Parks and Recreation Department Electricity Data File Street lighting electricity consumption is also billed and accounted for separately, but the actual kWh consumption is not available. Because of this lack of data, and the assumption that street light emissions are most likely legible (initial estimates from available data show they represent <0.001% of total electricity emissions), street light operation has been excluded from the 2018 inventory. For purposes of the 2018 GHG inventory, all kWh usage labeled as ‘Fixed Price’ in the “Description” column were summed to derive the total kWh activity data. Emissions Factor In ClearPath, the electricity emissions factor for the region can be entered under “Factor Sets” → “Grid Electricity.” Because generation-specific emissions factors could not be obtained from the County’s third- party choice purchaser Executive Energy, the 2018 EPA eGRID emissions factor for the RFCM Subregion was used (see Figure 4).4 Figure 4 – 2018 Electricity Emissions Factor 4 https://www.epa.gov/egrid/download-data 16/44 Market- vs Location-based Agencies can assess emissions from electricity consumption using two methods: a location-based method or a market-based method. A location-based method is based on an average emission factor for the region’s electrical grid, and location-based emissions factors are generally obtained from EPA eGRID. The market-based method allocates emissions from energy generators to consumers based on “contractual instruments” such as utility-specific emission factors, energy attribute certificates, or other contracts. ClearPath recommends using an electricity emissions factor specific to the utility (market-based). If that’s not available, ClearPath recommends using the regional factor from EPA eGRID (location-based). Because generation-specific emissions factors could not be obtained from the County’s third-party choice purchaser Executive Energy, the location-based method was used instead. However, if generation- or utility-specific emissions factors are available in the future, these factors should be used to calculate market-based electricity emissions in ClearPath. Using this method will better reflect the emissions impact of the County’s future green power purchasing. Both methods should be tracked annually, if possible. ClearPath Calculator Total kWh consumption from all facilities should be summed and entered in the ClearPath calculator “Emissions from Grid Electricity.” Under Factors Sets input, the correct grid electricity emissions factor should be selected for that year (see Figure 5). Figure 5 – ClearPath Electricity Calculator Data Inputs Screen 17/44 Natural Gas Data Sources Natural gas data was provided separately for four different sources: 1. Central Heating Plant 2. Three accounts that use utility natural gas from Consumer Energy 3. Airports 4. Wastewater treatment facilities Total natural gas consumption data for municipal buildings, wastewater treatment plants, and airports was provided as a separate therm value for each source. Natural gas data for the three separate utility accounts was provided as scanned bills (see Figure 6). These bills were transcribed to sum the total therms consumed. Figure 6 – Sample Natural Gas Data Bill It should be noted that while the County Central Heating Plant did not use any oil in 2018, if oil is consumed during future inventory years, oil consumption should be reported under a new calculator titled “Emissions from Stationary Fuel Combustion”. Emissions Factor ClearPath uses a default emissions factor for natural gas that cannot be edited. ClearPath Calculator Total therm consumption should be summed and entered in the ClearPath calculator “Emissions from Stationary Fuel Combustion” (see Figure 7). 18/44 Figure 7 – ClearPath Natural Gas Calculator Data Inputs Screen Generator Fuel Oil Data Source The total gallons of generator fuel oil purchased was summed in an email from Michael Chiasson, Chief of Facilities Maintenance and Operations. He noted that all County generators use #2 Dyed Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel. In ClearPath, this fuel is entered as Distillate Fuel Oil #2. Emissions Factor ClearPath uses a default emissions factor for fuel oil that cannot be edited. ClearPath Calculator Total gallon consumption should be summed and entered in the ClearPath calculator “Emissions from Stationary Fuel Combustion” (see Figure 8). 19/44 Figure 8 – ClearPath Generator Fuel Oil Calculator Data Inputs Screen 20/44 Vehicle Fleet Calculations Table 5 identifies the ClearPath calculators used on the Vehicle Fleet tab, including the activity data analyzed, the calculator name, the inputs needed, and the source of inputs collected for the 2018 GHG inventory. Details on calculating each activity type are provided in subsequent sections. Table 5 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Vehicle Fleet Activity ClearPath Calculator Name Inputs Source On-road Gasoline and Diesel “Fleet Vehicle Emissions” • Gallons of fuel consumed for each fuel • VMT per fuel • % VMT by vehicle type and fuel • Municipal Fleet: Jon Tomkins <tomkinsj@oakgov.com> • Airports: Michelle Stover <stoverm@oakgov.com> Off-Road Gasoline, Diesel and Biodiesel “Emissions from Off Road Vehicles” • Gallons of fuel consumed for each fuel • Airports: Michelle Stover <stoverm@oakgov.com> • Parks and Recreation: Mike Donnellon <donnellonm@oakgov.com> On-Road Vehicle Fleet Data Source On-road vehicle fleet data was obtained for two sources: 1. General municipal fleet 2. Airport fleet General municipal fleet fuel data could not be disaggregated by department (see Figure 9). The municipal fleet data and airport fleet data provided may double-count the Airport 1 Dodge Minivan fuel consumption, but this only represents 0.01% of total gasoline gallons consumed and would not change the GHG inventory results in a meaningful way. The municipal fleet data may also include some off-road vehicle/equipment fuel consumption that could not be disaggregated, but fuel consumption is estimated to be minor and/or negligible. Sheriff helicopter fuel data was not collected or reported as it is considered negligible by County staff. In the future, fuel data can be obtained by contacting helicopter pilot Phil Heckmann. To calculate emissions, ClearPath requires both the gallons of fuel consumed and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by vehicle type (passenger, light truck, or heavy truck). For the municipal fleet data, total miles traveled and gallons of fuel consumed were provided for each vehicle class. 21/44 Figure 9 – Municipal Fleet Fuel Data The County vehicle classes were matched to the ClearPath vehicle classes for use in the calculators (see Figure 10). Figure 10 – Vehicle Class Categories Gasoline vehicle classes (Class 0-9) were a mix of passenger and light trucks. All diesel vehicle classes (Class 8 and 9) were light trucks. For vehicle classes with both gas and diesel consumption (Class 8 and 9), total VMT for each fuel was calculated by multiplying the class MPG by the gallons of fuel (note that these MPGs represent a blended gas and diesel MPG). For airport vehicle fleet fuel consumption data, scanned diesel and gasoline fuel logs were available. These logs included the gallons of fuel consumed per each vehicle identifier. These records contain a mix of on-road and off-road vehicles (see Figure 11 ). 22/44 Figure 11 – Airport Vehicle Fuel Log, Gasoline The vehicle identifier was used to determine the vehicle type and if the vehicle was on-road or off-road (see Figure 12). All the identified on-road gas and diesel vehicles (pickups, vans, utility trucks) are considered “light trucks” for the ClearPath calculator entry. Figure 12 – Airport On-road Vehicle Fleet 23/44 Fuel consumption for these vehicles was transcribed from the logs and summed to generate total gallons of on-road gas and diesel fuels consumed. To determine the total VMT, the Class 8 blended gas and diesel MPG from the municipal fleet data was applied to the total gallons. Emissions Factor ClearPath provides annual vehicle fuel emission factor defaults under the “National Default Vehicle Fuel Efficiency & Emissions Factors” factor set. These defaults are obtained from the US Community Protocol, EIA, and EPA Emissions Factor Hub and are updated every year. ClearPath Calculator In ClearPath, a separate calculator needs to be created for each fuel type. Total gallons of gasoline and gasoline VMT were entered into the ClearPath calculator “Fleet Vehicle Emissions” (see Figure 13). VMT % vehicle types are determined by summing the VMT for each vehicle type for both the municipal fleet and aviation fleet data. Figure 13 – ClearPath On-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Gasoline 24/44 Total gallons of diesel and diesel VMT are entered into a separate “Fleet Vehicle Emissions” ClearPath calculator (see Figure 14). Because all diesel on-road vehicles were light duty trucks, 100% can be entered in the VMT % Light Truck entry for Diesel Fuels. Figure 14 – ClearPath On-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Diesel 25/44 Off-Road Data Source Off-road fuel consumption data is obtained from two sources: 1. Parks and Recreation 2. Airports Fuel consumption data from wastewater treatment facility off-road equipment, such as forklifts, chainsaws, blowers, washers, pumps, and RTVs, is not recorded and therefore not included in the inventory. To calculate emissions, ClearPath requires both the gallons of fuel consumed and the equipment type. Selection of Equipment Types for the ClearPath calculator is discussed in the “ClearPath Calculator” section below. Parks and Recreation data includes quantity of each fuel type consumed. It is assumed that the fuel consumption is mainly for lawnmowers and ATVs. The fuel types were matched to the ClearPath fuel types (see Figure 15). Figure 15 – Off-road Equipment Fuel Type Comparison For airport vehicle fleet fuel consumption data, scanned diesel and gasoline fuel logs were available which included the gallons of fuel consumed per vehicle identifier. These records contain a mix of on-road and off-road vehicles. 26/44 Figure 16 – Airport Vehicle Fuel Log, Diesel The vehicle identifier was used to determine the vehicle type and if the vehicle was on-road or off-road. Airport off-road vehicles/equipment include plow trucks, loaders, snowblowers, runway brooms, tractors, front-end loaders, and other equipment listed in Figure 17. 27/44 Figure 17 – Airport Off-road Vehicle Fleet Fuel consumption for these vehicles was transcribed from the logs and summed to generate total gallons of off-road gas and diesel fuels consumed. All off-road vehicles were assigned the equipment type “Large Utility” (see “ClearPath Calculator” section below for further explanation on equipment type). Emissions Factor ClearPath provides annual vehicle fuel emission factor defaults under the “National Default Vehicle Fuel Efficiency & Emissions Factors” factor set. These defaults are obtained from the US Community Protocol, EIA, and EPA Emissions Factor Hub and are updated every year. ClearPath Calculator In ClearPath, a separate calculator needs to be created for each fuel type. Off-road diesel consumption was entered into the ClearPath calculator “Emissions from Off Road Vehicles” (see Figure 18). For Equipment Type, “Large Utility” should be selected, unless the equipment is definitively considered “Construction” or “Agricultural.” If “Small Utility” or “Snowmobiles and Recreational” is selected, the methane and nitrous oxide emissions factors will calculate as zero. 28/44 Figure 18 – ClearPath Off-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Diesel For Biodiesel, selecting the equipment type will not change emissions as the methane and nitrous oxide emissions factors are zero for each type. “Large Utility” was selected to mirror the diesel selection (see Figure 19). Figure 19 – ClearPath Off-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Biodiesel 29/44 For gasoline, all the gasoline equipment types have the same emissions factors except for Agricultural, Locomotive, Ships and Boats, and Aircraft. “Large Utility” was selected to mirror the diesel selection (see Figure 20). Figure 20 – ClearPath Off-road Vehicle Fleet Calculator Data Inputs Screen - Gasoline 30/44 Solid Waste Facilities Calculations Table 6 identifies the ClearPath calculators used on the Solid Waste Facilities tab, including the activity data analyzed, the calculator name, the inputs needed, and the source of inputs collected for the 2018 GHG inventory. Details on calculating each activity type are provided in subsequent sections. Table 6 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Solid Waste Facilities Activity ClearPath Calculator Name Inputs Source Landfilled Waste “Waste Generation” • Quantity of waste (short tons) • Landfill Methane Collection Scenario • Landfill Moisture Content 2020 campus operations diversion rate analysis Composted Waste “Composting Facilities” • Quantity of waste (short tons) • Waste Type (green or biowaste) Data Source Because of the lack of availability of 2018 solid waste data or more recent solid waste data, the 2020 campus operations diversion rate waste estimation was used as a proxy for 2018 waste. This analysis was conducted as part of the sustainability planning process that estimated 2020 campus and park waste quantities and destinations (see Figure 21). These estimates were developed based on information gathered from department interviews, dumpster sizes, and pick-up schedules. Notably, these waste values reflect pandemic-related operational impacts while the rest of the 2018 GHG inventory data does not. Additionally, the specific receiving landfills and composting sites for the campus and park waste are unknown, so default values were used in the GHG calculators. Figure 21 – Sample of 2020 Park Waste Generation Analysis Total landfilled waste from campus and parks and composted waste from parks was converted to short tons and summed to be entered in ClearPath calculators. 31/44 Emissions Factor Solid waste emissions are determined by an area’s waste characterization. The 2016 Michigan waste characterization from the "Economic Impact Potential and Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in Michigan 2016" report Table 2-15 was used for the ClearPath “Waste Characterization” Factor Set (see Table 7 and Figure 22). The factor set percentages do not add up to 100% as the table excludes non- organic material like plastics. This factor set can be updated for future inventories as more accurate local data or more recent reports become available. Table 7 – Michigan State-wide Aggregate Composition (mean % by weight) Waste Type % Include in ClearPath? ClearPath % ClearPath Waste Type Mixed paper 12.1% X 12.1% Magazines/third class mail Newsprint 1.2% X 1.2% Newspaper Corrugated carboard 8.4% X 8.4% Corrugated carboard Plastic 14.0% - - - Metals 3.8% - - - Glass 2.2% - - - Textiles/bulk/other inorganics 19.5% - - - Food 13.6% X 13.6% Food scraps Yard 5.0% X 5.0% Grass, leaves Soil 2.4% X 2.4% Wood 5.2% X 5.2% Dimensional Lumber Other Organics 9.1% X 9.1% Grass MI Deposits 0.3% - - - Household Hazardous 0.9% - - - Electronics 2.5% - - - 100% 57% 5 https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/480236-14_WMSBF_waste_characterization_report_521920_7.PDF 32/44 Figure 22 – ClearPath Waste Characterization Factor Set Input ClearPath Calculator Total landfilled waste can be summed and entered in the “Waste Generation” calculator. Landfilled park waste and landfilled campus waste were reported in two separate calculators to better demonstrate the difference between their emissions, but can be summed in one calculator if desired (see Figure 23 and Figure 24). Total composted park waste was summed and included in the “Composting Facilities” calculator (see Figure 25). For all Solid Waste calculators, the answer for the question “Is the receiving landfill owned/operated by your local government?” should be marked as “No.” Because the receiving landfills are unknown, the Landfill Methane Collection Scenario was marked as “Typical” in the ClearPath calculators. Landfill Moisture Content was marked as “Moderate” (20-40 inches/year) as this represents typical precipitation for Oakland County.6 The Waste Type to Calculate Emissions For should be marked as “All.” Park composted waste type is entered as “Green Waste.” 6 https://usafacts.org/issues/climate/state/michigan/county/oakland-county 33/44 Figure 23 – ClearPath Solid Waste Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Campus Waste to Landfill 34/44 Figure 24 – ClearPath Solid Waste Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Park Waste to Landfill Figure 25 – ClearPath Solid Waste Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Park Waste to Compost 35/44 Wastewater Treatment Facilities Calculations Table 8 identifies the ClearPath calculators used on the Wastewater Treatment Facilities tab, including the activity data analyzed, the calculator name, the inputs needed, and the source of inputs collected for the 2018 GHG inventory. Details on calculating each activity type are provided in subsequent sections. Table 8 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources –Wastewater Treatment Facilities Activity ClearPath Calculator Name ClearPath Inputs Source Conventional Wastewater Treatment • “Process N2O Emissions from Wastewater Treatment” • “Emissions from Combustion of Digester Gas” • Population • Nitrification/denitrificati on (Y/N) • Industrial/Commercial Discharge Multiplier (1 or 1.25) Gary Nigro nigrog@oakgov.com, Water Resources Commissioner’s Office Conventional Wastewater Effluent “Process N2O from Effluent Discharge to Rivers and Estuaries” • Population • Nitrification/denitrificati on (Y/N) • Industrial/Commercial Discharge Multiplier (1 or 1.25) • Aerobic or Anaerobic Septic Systems “Fugitive Emissions from Septic Systems” • Population Data Source The information on each County-operated wastewater treatment facility was provided by Gary Nigro, Chief Engineer of the Water Resources Commissioner’s office. Any energy consumed to operate the wastewater facilities is accounted for under the Buildings & Facilities sector. The process and effluent emissions accounted for in the inventory are from the facilities/systems listed in Table 9. Table 9 – Facilities with Process/Effluent Emissions Included in the GHG Inventory Conventional Wastewater Treatment Facilities Septic Systems 1. Lower Pettibone 2. Walled Lake-Novi 3. East Boulevard 4. Auburn 5. Commerce Twp. 6. Lyon Oaks 7. Woodbridge 8. Belle Ann Falls 9. Groveland Park 10. Springfield Oaks Park The Addison Oak Park Lagoon system process/effluent emissions were not entered into ClearPath as the ClearPath lagoon calculator is not meant for aerated or mixed lagoons. Additionally, the Addison Oak Park lagoon emissions would most likely be negligible (<1% total wastewater emissions) and were therefore excluded from the inventory. The LGOP notes: “While IPCC, EPA and others have worked to estimate GHG emissions from wastewater on a gross basis, there are not widely-accepted, standardized guidelines to estimate 36/44 emissions from wastewater treatment at a facility level”. Therefore, wastewater GHG emission calculations represent general estimations of emissions. ClearPath provides multiple wastewater emissions equations that account for various methods of wastewater treatment. Information on each County-operated wastewater treatment plant was gathered to determine which ClearPath equation to use and how to calculate emissions (see Table 10 and Table 11 ). Table 10 – Conventional Wastewater Treatment Facility Information Lower Pettibone Lake WWTF Walled Lake-Novi WWTF East Boulevard WWTF Auburn WWTF Commerce Twp. WWTP Treatment Type Conventional Conventional Conventional Conventional Conventional Population served* 112 19,000 61,000 125,000 16,000 Is there nitrification/denitrification? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Is the facility predominately an aerobic or anaerobic system? Aerobic Aerobic Aerobic Anaerobic Aerobic If digester gas is produced, is it combusted or flared? N/A N/A N/A Yes N/A Is there industrial or commercial wastewater that is received by the facility? No Yes Yes Yes Yes *Lower Pettibone’s population was estimated using the given information of 28 homes (assumed 4 people/home) Table 11 – Septic System Facility Information Lyon Oaks Septic Field Woodbridge Septic Field Belle Ann Falls Community Septic* Groveland Oaks Park Septic Sys. Springfield Oaks Park Septic Sys. Treatment Type Septic Septic Septic Septic Septic Population served** 200 68 24 343 744 Is there nitrification/ denitrification? No No No N/A N/A Is the daily biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) load of the system in kg BOD5/day available? No No No No No * Belle Ann Falls was operated by the County until 2021, so it should not be included in County inventories past that date. **Septic System service populations were estimated using given information on number of homes served (assumed 4 people/home), contacting Parks and Rec Manager Melissa Prowse for Park visitor information, and contacting Lyon Oaks golf course for averag e # of customers/day If detailed wastewater treatment data cannot be obtained, ClearPath equations use service population as a proxy for wastewater activity data. Methods of summing service population and entering data into the calculators is discussed in the “ClearPath Calculators” section below. It should be noted that if wastewater treatment processes change in the future, the relevant ClearPath calculators may also change. 37/44 Emissions Factor ClearPath uses a default emissions factor for wastewater that cannot be edited. ClearPath Calculators To decrease the amount of data entry needed, wastewater inputs and calculators were grouped by treatment type instead of wastewater facility. Table 12 maps the ClearPath calculators to wastewater facilities. Table 12 – ClearPath Calculators and Wastewater Facility Mapping ClearPath Calculator Wastewater Facility Process N2O Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Process N2O from Effluent Discharge to Rivers and Estuaries Emissions from Combustion of Digester Gas Fugitive Emissions from Septic Systems Lower Pettibone Lake WWTF X X Walled Lake-Novi WWTF X X East Boulevard WWTF X X Auburn WWTF X X* X Commerce Twp. WWTP X X Lyon Oaks Septic Field X Woodbridge Septic Field X Belle Ann Falls Community Septic X Groveland Oaks Park Septic Sys. X Springfield Oaks Park Septic Sys. X *A separate “Process N2O from Effluent Discharge to Rivers and Estuaries” calculator is needed to calculate Auburn’s effluent emissions as it is an anaerobic system while the other conventional systems are aerobic The final list of ClearPath calculators appears as shown in Figure 26. Figure 26 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculators Uses in 2018 GHG Inventory For the “Process N2O emissions from Wastewater Treatment Calculator” (named “Conventional WWTP Process Emissions” in Figure 26), total service populations for all conventional wastewater treatment plants were summed and entered. All conventional plants had nitrification/dentification and industrial 38/44 and/or commercial discharge (except for Lower Pettibone). Since there is industrial/commercial discharge, the “Industrial Commercial Discharge Multiplier” was entered as 1.25 (see Figure 27). Figure 27 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Conventional WWTP Process Emissions 39/44 Two separate “Process N2O from Effluent Discharge to Rivers and Estuaries” calculators must be created to account for the two different effluent treatment methods represented by the conventional treatment systems (the calculators were named “Conventional Aerobic WWTP Effluent Discharge” and “Conventional Anaerobic WWTP Effluent Discharge” in ClearPath). Lower Pettibone, Walled Lake-Novi, East Boulevard, and Commerce Township all use aerobic treatment (see Figure 28) while Auburn uses anaerobic. The service populations for Lower Pettibone, Walled Lake-Novi, East Boulevard, and Commerce Township were summed and entered in one calculator with the entry for “Is your facility predominately an Aerobic or Anaerobic system” set as “Aerobic.” The industrial-commercial discharge multiplier should be entered as 1.25 and nitrification/denitrification should be marked as “Yes.” Figure 28 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Conventional Aerobic WWTP Effluent 40/44 In a separate “Process N2O from Effluent Discharge to Rivers and Estuaries” calculator (see Figure 29), the service population for Auburn was entered and the entry for “Is your facility predominately an Aerobic or Anaerobic system” set as “Anaerobic.” The industrial-commercial discharge multiplier should be entered as 1.25 and nitrification/denitrification should be marked as “Yes.” Figure 29 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Conventional Anaerobic WWTP Effluent 41/44 Because the Auburn facility also produces digester gas, the “Emissions from Combustion of Digester Gas” calculator must be used to calculate digester gas emissions (see Figure 30). The gas is used to run boilers and an engine and is also flared. Only population is needed to calculate these emissions. Figure 30 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Digester Gas Combustion NOTE: ClearPath notes that the “Emissions from Combustion of Digester Gas” calculator should be used and not the "Emissions from the Incomplete Combustion of Digester Gas" calculator or "Emissions from Flaring of Digester Gas" calculator. It also notes that although some facilities do not burn all the gas in a boiler, but flare some portion of it, there is currently no approved methods that distinguish between fuel burning devices. 42/44 For the “Fugitive Emissions from Septic Systems” calculator (see Figure 31), the septic system service populations should be summed and entered. Figure 31 – ClearPath Wastewater Treatment Calculator Data Inputs Screen – Septic Systems 43/44 Process & Fugitive Emissions Calculations Table 13 identifies the ClearPath calculators used on the Process & Fugitive Emissions tab, including the activity data analyzed, the calculator name, the inputs needed, and the source of inputs collected for the 2018 GHG inventory. Calculation details are provided in subsequent sections. Table 13 – ClearPath Calculator Summary and Data Sources – Process & Fugitive Emissions Activity ClearPath Calculator Name ClearPath Inputs Source of Inputs Natural Gas Fugitive Emissions “Fugitive Emissions from Natural Gas Distribution” • Fuel Type (Natural Gas) • Fuel Use (therms) • Central Heating Plant and Separate Municipal Accounts: Joseph Murphy <murphyj@oakgov.com> • Wastewater Treatment Facilities: Gary Nigro <nigrog@oakgov.com> • Airports: Michelle Stover <stoverm@oakgov.com> Data Source Fugitive emissions calculations are derived from total natural gas consumption data as outlined in the “Buildings & Facilities - Natural Gas” section above. Emissions Factor ClearPath uses a default emissions factor for natural gas fugitive emissions that cannot be edited. ClearPath Calculator Total therm consumption should be summed and entered in the ClearPath calculator “Fugitive Emissions from Natural Gas Distribution” (see Figure 32). The ClearPath defaults for all other inputs should be used in the calculator. The ClearPath default natural gas leakage rate is from the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) User Guide for Natural Gas Leakage Rate Modeling Tool. 44/44 Figure 32 – ClearPath Fugitive Emissions Calculator Data Inputs Screen Steam Plant Decommissioning and Micro HVAC Plants Facilities Management Presentation Steve Foster - Project Manager Architect Cont’d Use of the Existing Steam Plant • Steam Plant built in 1947 – Past life cycle at 74 years old • Steam production is an OBSOLETE HEATING PROCESS • Very Low energy efficiency • High cost with minimal return • Manpower and maintenance intensive CIP 20 Year ROI Comparison Continued Use of Existing Steam Plant VS Decommission Steam Plant & Install New Localized Boilers 10 YR. ROI Potential Cost Savings CIP 20 Year ROI Comparison Continued Use of Existing Steam Plant VS Decommission Steam Plant & Install New Localized Boilers 10 Year ROI 20 Year Carbon Footprint Comparison Continued Use of Existing Steam Plant VS Decommission Steam Plant & Install New Localized Boilers Potential Carbon Emissions Reduction 20 Year Carbon Footprint Comparison Continued Use of Existing Steam Plant VS Decommission Steam Plant & Install New Localized Boilers ROI – Every Year Less Carbon Released “FOREVER!” Potential Carbon Emissions Reduction Yearly Carbon Reduction Equivalents ANNUAL EQUIVALENT • 560 Tonnes CO2 Reduction • 121 Vehicles “Off The Road” • 3 Acres of Solar Panels Yearly Carbon Reduction Equivalents 3 Acres of Solar Panels 121 Vehicles “Off The Road” Localized High Efficiency Boilers • New High Efficiency Boiler Heating Systems • Reduced Operating Costs • 30% Annual Carbon Emissions Reduction • 25 - 30 Year Life Cycle without a Major Repair Req’d • State of the Art Control Systems • Significantly LESS Manpower & Maintenance Req’mts • Removal of Decaying Steam Equipment • Significant Building Area Footprint Reduction “Less Square Footage” GRANT REVIEW SIGN-OFF – Environmental Sustainability GRANT NAME: FY2024 Community Energy Management Grant EGLE FUNDING AGENCY: Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes and Energy DEPARTMENT CONTACT: Erin Quetell 248-600-9001 STATUS: Application (Greater than $50,000) DATE: 04/29/2024 Please be advised that the captioned grant materials have completed the internal grant review. Below are the returned comments. The Board of Commissioners’ liaison committee resolution and grant application package (which should include this sign- off and the grant application with related documentation) should be downloaded into Civic Clerk on the next agenda(s) of the appropriate Board of Commissioners’ committee(s) for grant acceptance by Board resolution. DEPARTMENT REVIEW Management and Budget: Approved –Sheryl Johnson (04/29/2024) Human Resources: Approved. Approved by Human Resources. No position impact. – Heather Mason (04/24/2024) Risk Management: Approved. No County insurance requirements identified – Robert Erlenbeck (04/24/2024) Corporation Counsel: Approved – Heather Lewis (04/29/2024)